Fatal Encounters

A step toward creating an impartial, comprehensive and searchable national database of people killed during interactions with police

CSV Download

The results aren't gorgeous, and the spreadsheet includes some coding, but give us a minute. We're getting there. To download a complete version of the dataset, go to the Google Sheet. Simply go under File > Download > Comma-separated values.

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Displaying 1 - 342 of 342

Unique IDNameAgeGenderRaceDateCityStateLatitudeLongitudeAgency involvedCause of deathIntended use of forceBrief descriptionSupporting document link
72Eugene "Kim" Pitchford Jr.43MaleRace unspecified02/12/2000PeoriaIL40.6678538-89.6239771Peoria Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Eugene K. Pitchford Jr., who was homeless and had a history of mental health issues, died of asphyxiation as three officers used a chokehold, pepper spray and nightsticks on him. Police had responded to a recycling center when an employee called saying that Pitchford became upset when he tried to turn in a bag of aluminum cans and was told the center was closed. Pitchford ran, and the officers chased and tackled him. During the ensuing struggle, Pitchford was pepper sprayed and repeatedly struck with a baton, according to police reports. A fourth officer helped handcuff Pitchford, who fell unconscious and died. A coroner's jury decided that Pitchford's death was accidental, but said it was impossible to tell what caused the death. "There's no way of proving what caused the asphyxia, whether it's from the weight of the officers or the agitation during the foot chase," Peoria County Coroner Dan Heinz said.

google.com
19358Albert John Dougherty45MaleRace unspecified05/03/2000HavertownPA39.9752293-75.3336972Upper Darby Township Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Albert Dougherty, a rape suspect, died at Mercy Community Hospital, where he was taken from his jail cell. He tried to escape when police removed his handcuffs.

google.com
221Lyle E. Rachow36MaleRace unspecified05/11/2000GIbbonNE40.7493637-98.846579Nebraska State Patrol, Buffalo County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

A standoff began when officers went to a residence southwest of Gibbon to serve an arrest warrant to Lyle E. Rachow for violating a no-contact provision of his bond for sexual assault. At around 2 a.m., SWAT used tear gas to try to force Rachow out of a barn. Several minutes later, officers reportedly saw flames coming from the barn. They went inside and saw Rachow's body hanging. According to police, they tried to extinguish the flames and retrieve Rachow's body, but the fire spread too quickly.

theindependent.com
266Anthony Beavers22MaleRace unspecified06/09/2000Hawk PointMO38.970816-91.134569Lincoln County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Anthony Beavers reportedly died following a struggle with deputies. Beavers had allegedly assaulted several people in Hawk Point, but police were unable to take him into custody, so they called the Lincoln County sheriff's department. Shortly after Beavers was subdued, he stopped breathing, officials said. The Lincoln County coroner said that Beavers did not die from physical injury. In 2006, Beavers' survivors received $60,000 in a wrongful death settlement.

googleusercontent.com
272Mayere Renee Tilmon15FemaleAfrican-American/Black06/11/2000DallasTX32.8781179-96.8960164Dallas County Constable, Dallas Area Rapid Transit Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Off-duty constables and officers working as security guards at a bowling alley tried to end a fight by spraying Mace at participants. Hundreds ran to avoid the fumes, fatally trampling Tilmon. The Dallas County medical examiner judged Tilmon's death an accident caused by "traumatic asphyxia."

amarillo.com
285Daniel Austin44MaleRace unspecified06/20/2000ChicagoIL41.7797614-87.6833107Chicago Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Daniel Austin died after struggling with an off-duty officer at a Bank One branch on the Southwest Side. According to police, Austin entered the bank and spoke with an employee at about 3:40 p.m. Austin allegedly became loud and combative, and then pushed the employee. The off-duty CPD officer, who was working as a security guard, asked Austin to leave and, when he refused, attempted to escort him out. Austin allegedly became combative again, police said, and became unresponsive.

chicagotribune.com
309Shaheed Jamal Daniels41MaleRace unspecified07/02/2000San JoseCA37.296837-121.8802754San Jose Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Shaheed Jamal Daniels died on the floor of his apartment as officers restrained him with a nylon sheath around his legs.

sfgate.com
21440Yakov Ostrovsky35MaleRace unspecified07/03/2000BaltimoreMD39.1848058-76.675367Maryland Transportation Authority Police
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

A lawsuit claimed officers beat to death Yakov Ostrovsky after he led police on a chase from the Fort McHenry Tunnel to Baltimore-Washington International Airport. The Anne Arundel County state's attorney's office reviewed the case because Ostrovsky died at BWI, but concluded "no criminal charges were warranted or appropriate."

baltimoresun.com
326Tina Winston11FemaleRace unspecified07/10/2000ElginIL42.037058-88.2799691Elgin Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

11-year-old girl Tina Winston, who was mentally disabled, was allegedly behaving violently in the waiting room of a counseling center when a caseworker tried to restrain her by straddling her. Detective Chris Triola and other officers arrived at around 7 p.m. and found Tina unresponsive. However, the officers didn't attempt first aid or call for an ambulance for several minutes, claiming that caseworkers led them to believe Tina was "faking" it. According to police, officers shook Tina and asked her to get up, then moved her to a chair. Police eventually called paramedics, who took Tina to a hospital where she was pronounced dead. Coroner David Moore listed asphyxiation as the cause of Tina's death.

google.com
22252Raymond C. Chandler41MaleAfrican-American/Black07/15/2000NorfolkVA36.8580851-76.2869018Norfolk Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Raymond C. Chandler died while handcuffed and restrained and sprayed with pepper spray. He had been driving illegally.

google.com
360Clifford Poe33MaleRace unspecified07/29/2000San DiegoCA32.741102-117.1301075San Diego Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Clifford Poe died after a scuffle with officers who restrained him for questioning about a vandalism.

latimes.com
374Michael Chambers39MaleEuropean-American/White08/06/2000CountrysideIL41.777777-87.8720716Cook County Sheriff's Office, Countryside Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Michael Chambers died after off-duty Cook County correctional officer Timothy Brogan and two other men choked and beat him during a brawl at the Holiday Inn that broke out after two weddings. Chambers, brother of Cook County Comptroller John Chambers, was at a reception for a state's attorney's office employee, while Brogran was with the other party for a CCSO special operations officer. Witnesses said that the officer's guests made lewd remarks to the women from the other party and challenged the men to fight when both groups went to the hotel bar just before midnight. Chambers went to intervene after learning that his fiance and the bride's mother were being shoved around, but he was pummeled to the floor and repeatedly kicked in the head, witnesses said. Chambers was pronounced dead at a hospital. Brogan, 25, was charged with official misconduct and obstruction of justice. Ronald Schickel Jr., 29, was charged with first-degree murder and felony mob action. Brian Tomkins, 29, was charged with aggravated battery and felony mob action. Both Schickel and Tomkins were brothers of correctional officers.

chicagotribune.com
375Anthony L. CampbellMaleRace unspecified08/09/2000TopekaKS38.9968865-95.6862599Topeka Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Anthony L. Campbell suffocated after allegedly swallowing a bag of cocaine during a struggle with police. According to police, officers were checking the parking lot of the Plaza Inn Hotel for suspicious activity when they saw Campbell outside the motel shortly after 2 a.m. A fight allegedly ensued, and Campbell pulled a plastic bag from his pocket, put it in his mouth and refused to spit it out. Campbell began having trouble breathing and died at a hospital.

google.com
392James Britton34MaleRace unspecified08/17/2000Chicago HeightsIL41.5023866-87.6743052Chicago Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

James Britton died after being arrested for allegedly trying to take over a Chicago Transit Authority bus. According to police, Britton grabbed the driver's wrist and tried to prevent the bus from turning. The driver was able to slow the bus down and press a silent alarm. An off-duty CTA driver and another witness boarded the bus and eventually forced Britton off the bus as police arrived. Officers pepper sprayed Britton after he allegedly continued behaving aggressively, but he ran off. An officer chased him, and with the help of a witness, caught up with Britton and handcuffed him. Britton was taken to the Marquette District station, where he was discovered limp in the back of the police car upon arrival. Britton was pronounced dead at a hospital.

chicagotribune.com
438Peter Mares31MaleRace unspecified09/01/2000PacoimaCA34.2688419-118.4158268Los Angeles Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Peter Mares was left brain dead/persistent vegetative state after officer Anthony Daniel put him into a chokehold when he allegedly ran from police who stopped him for violating a curfew in Pacoima's David Gonzales Park.

latimes.com
475Lloyd Eisenhouer33MaleRace unspecified09/20/2000ModestoCA37.6385453-120.990749Modesto Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Lloyd Eisenhouer died after allegedly swallowing a bag of drugs while being arrested.

google.com
477Carl Glenn Wheat24MaleEuropean-American/White09/21/2000AmarilloTX35.2219971-101.8312969Amarillo Police Department, Amarillo College Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers performed a traffic stop on Wheat's vehicle. Wheat tried to swallow a bag full of drugs to conceal it. Officers Darryl Wertz and Jeffery Vanover struggled with Wheat for the bag. Wheat died. The little available information said that a grand jury was presented with multiple theories as to whether neck compressions or methamphetamine use were most to blame for Wheat's death.

amarillo.com
525Ollie B. Russell73MaleRace unspecified10/10/2000PortlandOR45.5676376-122.6519308Portland Police Bureau
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

In the middle of the night, an irrational Russell shot his own 26-year-old granddaughter in the shoulder, seriously wounding her. Police arrived and entered the house to remove four young children but Russell refused to leave and began an armed standoff. The house caught fire after tear gas canisters were shot in. He was found inside, dead of smoke inhalation.

deseretnews.com
572Juan Vega56MaleHispanic/Latino11/03/2000ChicagoIL41.9214519-87.7067593Chicago Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Juan Vega suffocated in the back of a police squadrol while officers Edward Ranzzoni and David DiSanti ate dinner and took two hours to take him to a hospital. According to police, two other officers had responded to a report that Vega was walking in traffic on West Fullerton Avenue. The officers said Vega was slurring his words and babbling in Spanish. After learning Vega lived in the vicinity of Palmer and Kedzie, the officers drove him there, but ended up calling a squadrol to transport Vega to detox because they couldn't communicate with him. Ranzzoni and DiSanti determined Vega posed a danger to himself and placed him in the back of the squadrol, where he reportedly slipped under a restraint device in the squadrol and asphyxiated. Police said the two officers were suspended without pay for 30 days over the incident. In 2002, the city agreed to settle a federal lawsuit for $1.8 million.

chicagotribune.com
577Roger D. Owensby Jr.29MaleAfrican-American/Black11/07/2000CincinnatiOH39.1822716-84.4564128Cincinnati Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Roger Owensby, Jr. Owensby, 29, died after a foot chase and struggle with police at a Roselawn gas station.The death certificate sited cause of death: homicide, caused by asphyxiation. He had been handcuffed, maced & died in a police cruiser. U.S. District Judge found officers failed to provide Owensby with medical treatment. There was a $6.5 million settlement to his estate.

justia.com
789Glenn Fullard41MaleRace unspecified03/02/2001San FranciscoCA37.7836761-122.413013San Francisco Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Glenn Fullard died during a struggle with police trying to arrest him after he refused to stop kicking a sally port door at the Tenderloin Police Station.

sfgate.com
790Dennis L. Shaw43MaleRace unspecified03/03/2001LincolnNE40.799981-96.686676Lincoln Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Just before 6 p.m., multiple callers reported Dennis L. Shaw's erratic behavior, which included running into bushes, trees, cars and a garage. "It was clear something was wrong," police chief Tom Casady said. According to police, Shaw was not arrested, but two officers took him to the ground and handcuffed him for his own safety. Shaw died minutes later.

google.com
824Kevin Wayne Bledsoe23MaleEuropean-American/White03/24/2001Port HadlockWA48.0240676-122.765073Jefferson County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Jefferson County paid $1.6 million to settle a federal civil rights lawsuit involving the death of a 23-year-old man while in custody but not yet booked at the county jail. The lawsuit alleged excessive force and failure to secure medical care for Kevin W. Bledsoe, who died shortly after being taken to the jail after deputies responded to a call of a public disturbance in Port Hadlock.

budgeandheipt.com
881Joshua Morgan21MaleEuropean-American/White04/16/2001RentonWA47.4450916-122.1496806King County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

The father "called police after his son became violent during an extreme bipolar episode in which he armed himself with two knives. Deputies fought with Morgan who was severely delusional at the time." Family filed a wrongful death suit. King County medical examiner couldn't determine the cause of death at the time (that is when it was ruled accidental), but an expert for the family in the later trial said it was positional asphyxia.

google.com
912Kelly Loomis34MaleRace unspecified05/02/2001PuyallupWA47.1910073-122.2900126Puyallup Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

The parents of Kelly Loomis are suing in U.S. District Court in Tacoma, alleging Puyallup police used too much force to restrain the 34-year-old mentally ill man. They settled. He had schizophrenia.

seattlepi.com
932Arthur Daum41MaleRace unspecified05/10/2001San DiegoCA32.7484482-117.1367997San Diego Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Arthur Daum died after his arrest for running through traffic and trying to enter cars in North Park.

google.com
1106Albert Compoz36MaleHispanic/Latino07/27/2001DenverCO39.672127-105.033509Denver Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police arrested Campoz for assault. Police said that he was violently resisting arrest. Police used pepper spray, handcuffs and a "hobble device" to restrain him. Campoz died while being treated for the effects of the pepper spray, police said.

thedenverchannel.com
1118Kenneth J. Drew40MaleRace unspecified08/02/2001Kansas CityMO39.1647588-94.5599718Kansas City Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Kenneth J. Drew reportedly died following a struggle with police on a I-35. Police said Drew was arrested at about 6:15 a.m. after an off-duty motorcycle officer found him standing in the highway swinging a floor lamp at traffic. Two more officers were sent to the scene and at least two off-duty officers and an officer from the police academy stopped to assist. Officers pepper sprayed Drew, handcuffed and later shackled him. Ambulance workers said Drew was facedown on the pavement when they arrived at about 6:30 a.m. He reportedly stopped breathing when he was rolled over onto a board. Ambulance workers revived Drew, but he stopped breathing again while hospitalized and died.

google.com
1176Lashawnda Chambers31FemaleRace unspecified09/01/2001SacramentoCA38.608297-121.4719416Sacramento Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Lashawnda Chambers became unconscious and died after an officer restrained her face-down on the asphalt.

google.com
1177Julie Marie Andersen44FemaleEuropean-American/White09/02/2001WestminsterCO39.8105542-105.0254026Adams County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Andersen died when police tried to restrain her when they found her running, hysterical and naked. Meth was blamed for the death.

realcrimes.com
1245Donna Towe45FemaleEuropean-American/White10/08/2001New York CityNY40.8819908-73.8847119City of New York Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Off-duty cop Clayton Bullock charged in second-degree murder of Donna Towe, with whom he shared an apartment. Authorities believed that Bullock made sexual advances on Towe, Towe refused, and Bullock strangled her. Bullock was held in prison for one year then released for lack of evidence and a flawed autopsy. Bullock was acquitted of all charges and received back pay for time in jail. Towe's boyfriend, Charles Powell, has been accused by Bullock's attorney of the crime, but testified in exchange for immunity from the DA's office (according to the attorney).

nydailynews.com
1259Oral Brown37MaleAfrican-American/Black10/15/2001Fort LauderdaleFL26.1360917-80.1927375Broward County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Dazed, incoherent and combative was Brown's mental state, according to police, after a one-car SUV accident. To subdue him deputies hog-tied him and strapped him to a stretcher face down. The medical examiner ruled his death was due to positional asphyxiation. The county settled a wrongful death suit for $1.85M after 13 years of legal maneuvering.

sun-sentinel.com
1268Frank Tranquilino31MaleHispanic/Latino10/21/2001El MonteCA34.063422-118.0140101El Monte Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Tranquilino ran from the police and struggled with a police officer who put him in a chokehold. The coroner reported that he died due to neck compression and cocaine/meth intoxication

latimes.com
1310Victor McLaughlin35MaleRace unspecified11/11/2001DenverCO39.7282404-104.9910801Denver Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

After a violent fight in a hospital parking lot, no criminal charges were brought against the three "good-Samaritan" citizens, two Hospital Shared Services security personnel, or one Denver police officer that were involved in the confrontation with McLaughlin.

denverda.org
1344Floyd Bass37MaleRace unspecified12/03/2001San DiegoCA32.7484218-117.1483015San Diego Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Floyd Bass died shortly after police tied his hands and feet and covered his head with a cloth sack when he kicked out a patrol car's windows and spit at officers.

google.com
1355Ricardo Herrera40MaleRace unspecified12/10/2001SacramentoCA38.4816396-121.4223113Sacramento Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Ricardo Herrera died after he was tackled by and struggled with officers following a police chase.

google.com
1423Saul Murillo Montoya45MaleHispanic/Latino01/13/2002DenverCO39.7107435-105.0234605Denver Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to several reports of a barefoot man acting unusually. When they caught up with him, they placed him in a Ripp device, which is supposed to be a safer method of restraint than hogtying.

google.com
1457Guanda Denise Turner41FemaleAfrican-American/Black01/31/2002Long BeachCA33.7820532-118.17199Long Beach Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Guanda Denise Turner slipped into a coma and died a week after officers Joel Camrin and Steve Smock used a carotid restraint ("choke hold") on her.

legistar.com
1517Robert Gilliam54MaleRace unspecified02/27/2002MercedCA37.2960349-120.4828154Merced Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Robert Gilliam died shortly after he was arrested, suffocating on a plastic bag that he swallowed.

google.com
1621Santiago (Chago) Villanueva35MaleHispanic/Latino04/16/2002BloomfieldNJ40.7795633-74.1995476Bloomfield Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Villanueva's garment factory co-workers called police for help with his epileptic seizure. They arrived and found him uncooperative and combative. Wrestled to the ground and handcuffed by four officers, witnesses described police shouting for him to speak English, and taking his foaming at the mouth as a sign of drug use. He died of "mechanical asphyxia following physical restraint". The four were charged with manslaughter.

nytimes.com
1728Anthony Vontoure22MaleAfrican-American/Black05/31/2002SacramentoCA38.5738451-121.3807627Sacramento County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Former Washington Huskies cornerback Anthony Vontoure reportedly died in a struggle with deputies while being taken into custody.

google.com
1737Anthony Earl Mickus34MaleRace unspecified06/04/2002Long BeachCA33.826698-118.174548Long Beach Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Anthony Earl Mickus died in police custody after leading police on a car chase from Pacific Coast Highway at Long Beach Boulevard to Bixby Road at Gundry Avenue, where he jumped out of the moving car.

google.com
1768Willie Crawford Jr.32MaleRace unspecified06/16/2002Long BeachCA33.7971184-118.1937773Long Beach Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Willie Crawford Jr. died about an hour after being placed in a hobble restraint during his arrest.

google.com
1794Francisco Rodriguez37MaleRace unspecified06/30/2002San JoaquinCA36.6035138-120.0980449Fresno County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Francisco Rodriguez was killed when a vehicle driven by a FCSD deputy collided with a tractor and hay-bale wagon that then overturned at about 2 a.m.

google.com
1798Keenan Lament ForgeMaleAfrican-American/Black07/01/2002DallasTX32.7892727-96.7910414Dallas Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Forge was involved in an accident on Interstate 45. Officers Eric Tabbert and Craig Sherrill, who suspected that Forge was under the influence, handcuffed him and placed him in their vehicle. According to the officers, Forge slipped his cuffs and vigorously resisted the officers on two occasions, injuring both of them as they tried to subdue him. He was pronounced dead at Baylor Hospital. An autopsy said that Forge appeared to have been strangled. Forge's mother sued the City of Dallas unsuccessfully for violating Forge's civil rights.

hbcusports.com
22380Charles Anthony "Tony" Hays34MaleRace unspecified07/11/2002HopewellVA37.3038049-77.288579Hopewell Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Charles Hays died during a struggle with police after he jumped through a plate-glass window and attacked police officers with a walking stick, police said. Hays was off his medication for mental illness.

google.com
1838Gordon Randall Jones37MaleRace unspecified07/19/2002OrlandoFL28.4303639-81.4719048Orange County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Jones ran up a $500 tab at a hotel bar and had been using large amounts of cocaine before hotel security called the police. He ended up being tasered some 11 or 13 times (accounts vary) and was strapped face-down to an ambulance mattress. His resulting death was attributed, not to the cocaine, not to the Taser, but to positional asphyxiation.

orlandosentinel.com
1897Christopher Arnold29MaleRace unspecified08/12/2002YorkPA39.9701155-76.7028199York City Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Arnold died of positional asphyxiation after being beaten by police in his front yard, hogtied, and placed face down in the police wagon. Officers were responding to reports of Arnold, a schizophrenic, walking around and talking to himself.

google.com
2029Louis DecQuir36MaleAfrican-American/Black10/18/2002ChicagoIL41.7302598-87.6635251Chicago Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Decquir died after he was chased on foot by police who saw him at 4:15 p.m. walking with an open can of beer in the 8900 block South Marshfield Avenue. After he was caught, Decquir told the officers that he had asthma and was having trouble breathing

chicagotribune.com
2046Alfred Nelson36MaleRace unspecified10/30/2002Staten IslandNY40.6217677-74.0748115City of New York Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Schizophrenic Nelson became violent in the emergency room of Bayley Seton hospital. A dozen police and medical staff were involved in a protracted effort to subdue him, which included injected medications, physical force, and pepper spray. His death was attributed to a combination of asphyxia and a heart condition.

nydailynews.com
2051Christopher Stephen BurnsMaleAfrican-American/Black11/01/2002MinneapolisMN44.9601314-93.2633567Minneapolis Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to a domestic violence call. According to a lawsuit that was settled, the police placed Burns in handcuffs, and after he continued to struggle, beat him and placed him in a headlock, which broke a bone in his neck and caused him to asphyxiate.

startribune.com
20967Basim Maya39MaleRace unspecified11/05/2002FerndaleMI42.4692119-83.1185819Hazel Park Police Department, Ferndale Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to Basim Maya's house after his family members called. They sought to have Maya, who was schizophrenic, involuntarily committed to a mental health facility. Maya had reportedly stopped taking his medication. According to police, officers used their hands and pepper gas to subdue Maya, but he resisted. The altercation escalated to "hand-to-hand" combat among Maya and five or six officers, police said. Maya died of asphyxia and deprivation of oxygen, according to Oakland County Medical Examiner L.J. Dragovic.

article.wn.com
21038Ryan J. Martus30MaleEuropean-American/White11/15/2002Burnside TownshipMI43.2102347-82.9716617Flint Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Flint police officers Ryan Martus and Roger Luna went hunting in northern Lapeer County and were later found dead in their sleeping bags after an apparent accidental asphyxiation in a deer blind. A leaking propane heater was reportedly discovered in the blind.

ourmidland.com
21039Roger Luna32MaleRace unspecified11/15/2002Burnside TownshipMI43.2102347-82.9716617Flint Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Flint police officers Ryan Martus and Roger Luna went hunting in northern Lapeer County and were later found dead in their sleeping bags after an apparent accidental asphyxiation in a deer blind. A leaking propane heater was reportedly discovered in the blind.

ourmidland.com
2088Ricardo "Ricky" Escobedo39MaleRace unspecified11/17/2002Redwood CityCA37.469788-122.2231039Redwood City Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Ricardo "Rick" Escobedo died after a struggle with eight officers on the balcony of his ex-girlfriend's apartment.

smdailyjournal.com
2115Gregory Lewis40MaleAfrican-American/Black11/28/2002HaywardCA37.6081882-122.0665179Hayward Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Hayward Police Department officers responded to reports of a Motel 6 guest, in only boxer shorts in the parking lot, acting bizarrely and causing a disturbance. Over an hour ultimately 10 police officers joined in an attempt to restrain Lewis, who died with sixty blunt injuries to his body. Eyewitness accounts differ sharply from police descriptions of the event.

casetext.com
2167Bruce James Weigel42MaleEuropean-American/White12/20/2002CheyenneWY41.1531949-104.8211599Wyoming Highway Patrol
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Died of "mechanical asphyxiation" as a result of arresting state trooper putting weight on Weigel's back while handcuffing Weigel on the ground. The state of Wyoming settled a federal lawsuit for $500,000 in the case.

trib.com
2170Charles Dixon Sr.43MaleAfrican-American/Black12/21/2002PittsburghPA40.417083-79.987008Borough of Mount Oliver Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers attempted to arrest Dixon, who weighed 330 lbs., when he stepped in following an altercation involving his brother. He lost consciousness while being restrained by multiple police officers face down on floor and died two days later. Coroner recommended homicide charges. Settlement reached in wrongful death suit, for undisclosed amount.

post-gazette.com
2287Timothy Brooks19MaleRace unspecified02/07/2003DothanAL31.2483723-85.3756249Dothan Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Timothy Brooks reportedly died after choking on a bag of marijuana while running from police.

google.com
20976Bradley B. "Brad" Custer29MaleEuropean-American/White03/23/2003HollyMI42.7919127-83.6276455Holly Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

According to police, officers responded at about 8 p.m. to a report that a man was breaking up an apartment. "He was covered with blood when the officers arrived," said sheriff's Capt. Mike McCabe. Officers alleged that Custer confronted them, then went into apparent cardiac arrest as they tried to restrain him. Custer died at a hospital at about 9 p.m. Custer's family said the cause of his death was positional asphyxiation.

google.com
2446Arthur Partee28MaleAfrican-American/Black04/12/2003Benton HarborMI42.089155-86.43971Benton Township Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Partee's mother went to police looking for help getting her son hospitalized. He was acting strangely. They searched for outstanding warrants, found one, and went to collect him. Partee was killed—apparently strangled—during the attempted arrest. One of the officers told the mother he was "playing possum." Legal action reached the Sixth Circuit. Partee's death, with Terrence Shurn's, caused community unrest.

heraldpalladium.com
2732Jay A. Vestal36MaleEuropean-American/White08/18/2003TempletonCA35.5508769-120.7024325San Luis Obispo County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Jay A. Vestal died of asphyxiation during his arrest by deputies in northern San Luis Obispo County.

slocourts.net
2756Anthony Maurice Williams28MaleAfrican-American/Black08/28/2003MinneapolisMN44.9799661-93.3080078Minneapolis Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

According to the Star Tribune, responding to a call of shots fired, police tried to pull over Williams. He hit a curb, got out of his van and ran. Officers used pepper spray to subdue him, triggering "respiratory arrest."

google.com
2885Desseria B. Whitmore52FemaleAfrican-American/Black10/25/2003SeattleWA47.4438614-122.3022337Port of Seattle Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Whitmore died after being stopped for suspicion of drug possession at Sea-Tac Airport. When security screeners spotted a pipe in her purse, they investigated. Airport police were called in, but she tried to walk away. An officer grabbed her arm to bring her back, and an airport spokesman said she resisted, flailing her arms and fighting. It took three officers to finally handcuff her, and one of them pinned her to a table with his leg while the handcuffs went on. But Whitmore had swallowed a plastic bag of something in the meantime. Officers couldn't get her to spit it back up. She died at the site.

seattlepi.com
3016Daryl Hicks32MaleAfrican-American/Black12/16/2003North Las VegasNV36.197748-115.169178North Las Vegas Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers were called to assist the family of a man thought to be high on PCP. After a struggle he was restrained. As medical personnel attempted to sedate him, he died.

google.com
3021Cloud Michael Pierson25MaleHispanic/Latino12/18/2003EncinoCA34.1541357-118.4827226Los Angeles Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Cloud Michael Pierson died after an encounter with the LAPD.

google.com
3042Allen SimpsonMaleAfrican-American/Black12/28/2003DallasTX32.7766642-96.7969879Dallas Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

After a car and a foot chase, Officer Seth Rosenberg used a chokehold to subdue Simpson in connection to drug-related call. Simpson died. In theory, a chokehold, known in law enforcement as lateral vascular neck restraint, causes a subject to comply without further violence. In practice, the use of this technique was controversial in law enforcement. DPD use of chokeholds was later reviewed by then-new Police Chief David Kunkle.

myplainview.com
3095Jose Antonio Rodriguez35MaleHispanic/Latino01/18/2004Los AngelesCA34.1059686-118.2565535Los Angeles Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Jose Antonio Rodriguez died at a hospital a day after struggling with officers Matthew Eddy, Neil Amundson, Steven Grimmer, Anthony Kong, Jesus Plascencia and Timothy Borngrebe during his arrest and transport to the police station.

latimes.com
21696Lance H. Roberts43MaleAfrican-American/Black01/19/2004MaplewoodNJ40.7226732-74.2576139Maplewood Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

Lance Roberts was arrested on criminal warrants and taken to police headquarters. He then was charged with the burglary of a Maplewood residence. He was placed alone in a holding cell, where an officer later found him hanged. Media reports don't state categorically whether he was booked, so this incident may be outside of FatalEncounters dataset, which does not include individuals after they've been booked into the jail or prison system.

google.com
3121Xeng Fang24MaleRace unspecified01/27/2004RocklinCA38.8085084-121.2799292Rocklin Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Xeng Fang died from hypothermia after submerging himself in 51 degree creek waters for a few hours in an attempt to evade police.

placerherald.com
21704William Baumuller58MaleEuropean-American/White03/07/2004RamseyNJ41.0580608-74.1439973Ramsey Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

William G. Baumuller was arrested early Sunday on drunken-driving charges. He then used his shirt to hang himself in the jail holding cell, police said. Media reports don't state categorically whether he was booked, so this incident may be outside of FatalEncounters dataset, which does not include individuals after they've been booked into the jail or prison system.

google.com
3306LaMont Robinson31MaleAfrican-American/Black04/10/2004PasadenaCA34.1694863-118.1572449Pasadena Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

LaMont Robinson died July 10, 2004, three months after he'd slipped into a coma during an altercation with police who used a chokehold to prevent him from swallowing what they believed was crack cocaine.

latimes.com
21006Freddie M. Neely27MaleEuropean-American/White04/28/2004FlintMI43.036886-83.694235Flint Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to an east side Sunoco gas station at about 5:30 a.m. after a clerk reported a man was insisting that he needed to "hide" behind the counter and wouldn't leave. Police said the first officer at the scene was unable to restrain the man, but two other officers arrived a couple of minutes later and they were able to forcibly remove him. According to police, the man became violent and began vomiting while officers tried to restrain him. He was pronounced dead at a hospital shortly before 6 a.m.

google.com
3383Khamhane Philapandeth23MaleAsian/Pacific Islander05/18/2004ReddingCA40.5068918-122.386008Shasta County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Khamhane Philapandeth died in a confrontation with deputy Gregory Dean during which Philapandeth was thrown to the ground, pinned to the floor, pepper-sprayed, struck with the pepper spray canister and had his legs bent up against his back for several minutes.

informationliberation.com
3399Christopher Hicks39MaleAfrican-American/Black05/26/2004ChicagoIL41.8763203-87.6282014Chicago Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Christopher Hicks lost consciousness as one officer held him in a chokehold while two others handcuffed him. Police said they saw Hicks moving between cars inside a northbound Red Line train at around 10:20 p.m. Hicks fled the train as officers approached him. The officers chased Hicks, who allegedly became combative when they tried to arrest him. According to an autopsy, Hicks died of asphyxia due to restraint in a homicide.

chicagotribune.com
20366Matthew Sheridan20MaleEuropean-American/White06/19/2004MequonWI43.178042-87.917945Mequon Police Department, Bayside Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Apparently, untrained Mequon Police Officer Gregory Klobukowski put a plastic bag, the Survivair Quick2000 Escape Hood Respirator, over Matthew Sheridan's head, thinking it would prevent him from spitting on the officer. Sheridan died. Sheridan's family received a cash payout.

google.com
3481Pedro Fernandez33MaleHispanic/Latino06/28/2004DallasTX32.7766642-96.7969879Dallas Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Six or seven officers responding to a domestic violence call subdued Fernandez, killing him. A medical examiner ruled that restraint asphyxiation, cocaine, methamphetamine, and Fernandez's obesity were all contributing factors in the death. After reading the examiner's report, Chief David Kunkle put Senior Corporal Michael Pottorff, and Officers Glenn Thompson, Brandi Kramer, Julio Ortiz, Benustiano Avila, Randall Presley and Chad Smith on desk duty until they were cleared by a grand jury. Chief Kunkle later fielded controversy about whether he had hurt their reputations by doing so.

mrt.com
3575Timothy Short36MaleAfrican-American/Black08/13/2004OaklandCA37.7454022-122.1683137Oakland Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Timothy Short died in police custody after apparently suffocating on a bag of rock cocaine he swallowed

google.com
3846Gregory Ross39MaleRace unspecified12/22/2004LizellaGA32.77375-83.789205Bibb County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Deputies responded to a call at Ross' home where witnesses said that Ross had assaulted his wife and was threatening other family members, police said. But after a struggle with deputies, he died.

google.com
3900Curtis Lee Lewis56MaleAfrican-American/Black01/09/2005TempleTX31.0927427-97.3470282Temple Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

On Sunday around 11:50 p.m., officers responded to a fight call. Lewis, alone, laid in the street, thrashing and yelling. Neighbors said that he had destroyed the interior of his room. Officers put Lewis in a cuff-cord restraint, tying his cuffed wrists to his ankles, then took him to Scott and White Memorial Hospital. Lewis died at 12:48 a.m. Officers did not shoot, taser or strike Lewis. The Texas Ranger Division and Bell County District Attorney's Office investigated.

tdtnews.com
3974Anthony Demille Sanders30MaleAfrican-American/Black02/10/2005PlanoTX33.0292999-96.688227Plano Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Sanders entered the house of Carlos Mercado, his neighbor, and started a fight. Mercado subdued him until Officer Joseph Cabezuela responded. The officer handcuffed Sanders and left him facedown as he questioned others about the incident. Sanders, who was both physically and mentally handicapped by a fire when he was six, died of "positional asphyxia."

findlaw.com
4098Julio Armando Ayala26MaleHispanic/Latino04/03/2005South San FranciscoCA37.6600828-122.4053395South San Francisco Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

The actions of officers involved in Julio Ayala's death while restrained with a "wrap" device were determined to be reasonable as investigators claimed Ayala was hard to control because he was naked and sweaty, seemed to have "superhuman strength" and was under the influence of drugs.

sfexaminer.com
4271Michael Patrick Williams17MaleRace unspecified06/01/2005IndependenceMO39.0579416-94.4167868Independence Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Michael Patrick Williams fell unconscious during a shoplifting arrest and died 11 days later of what the Jackson county ME's office said were the delayed effects of a heart attack, according to an autopsy report. Williams was arrested at a Cargo Largo store where he allegedly tried to steal a pair of sneakers. According to police, an officer was taking Williams to the police car when he broke free and ran toward a van occupied by his friends. An officer and a civilian then tackled Williams, who began convulsing and became unconscious. After Williams' death, his family said that police had used a Taser on him, but police said that tests and the manufacturer's assessment indicated that no Taser discharge had occurred.

wibw.com
21743David JenningsMaleEuropean-American/White06/10/2005NutleyNJ40.81904-74.157932Nutley Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

David Jennings was apprehended on drug charges and later hung himself in holding cell with his pants. Available Media reports don't state categorically whether he was booked, so this incident may be outside of FatalEncounters dataset, which does not include individuals after they've been booked into the jail or prison system.

herokuapp.com
22699Sanchez Jarkel Taylor28MaleAfrican-American/Black06/16/2005AmherstVA37.5224937-79.1156749Amherst County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Sanchez Taylor's car was found abandoned in a northbound lane of U.S. 29, and deputies responded to a call of a break-in at nearby Bethel Welding. Deputies Debbie Tinnell and Darren Givens found Taylor at the back of the welding shop and tried to arrest him. Deputies said Taylor refused to follow their orders to get on the ground and that they had to handcuff him while he was lying on a ladder behind the shop. Two more deputies, Brian Drewry and Kelly Dodson, arrived and tried to control Taylor, who was still fighting. Unable to get him under control, officers put him on the ground but later noticed he was having trouble breathing and was having a seizure. He died a few hours later. This information came from media reports, and some later reports disputed this version of the story.

newsadvance.com
4470Alex Royal Majeska32MaleEuropean-American/White08/19/2005CarlsbadCA33.0787936-117.2315251Carlsbad Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Alex Royal Majeska's heart stopped during a struggle with officers Rachel Jannusch and John Hilton, along with Pam Kulbarsh, a RN on the police department's psychiatric emergency response team.

utsandiego.com
4478Jeffrey W. Williams36MaleAfrican-American/Black08/20/2005NewburgMO37.9170343-91.9706653Missouri State Highway Patrol
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Jeffrey W. Williams reportedly died after struggling with state troopers on I-44. At approximately 6:30 p.m., two troopers attempted to arrest Williams at the Little Piney Bridge for a Strafford Police Department traffic warrant. Williams allegedly became violent and resisted arrest. The troopers pepper sprayed Williams and another motorist assisted the officers in subduing Williams. Williams quit breathing and was pronounced dead at a hospital.

dps.mo.gov
4541Debbie Denise Loggins33FemaleRace unspecified09/17/2005North CarrolltonMS33.5181771-89.9206387Carroll County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Loggins was found unconscious in the backseat of a patrol car. Carroll County deputies admitted that Loggins had been "hogtied" after resisting arrest for allegedly fighting with another woman earlier that morning. A state pathologist later determined that Loggins died of hyperthermia – a condition commonly known as heatstroke, and her death was ruled an accident.

themississippilink.com
4681Patrick Gaston34MaleAfrican-American/Black11/10/2005OaklandCA37.8073759-122.2989063Oakland Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Patrick Gaston died during a struggle as police were arresting him on a drug sale charge.

insidebayarea.com
4691Fred C. Teague56MaleRace unspecified11/13/2005MolineIL41.5120143-90.4839407Moline Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers Heidi Grawe, Wyatt Heyvaert and Jerome A. Thomas arrested Fred C. Teague after he allegedly tried to burglarize the Hired Gun Tattoo Shop on Nov. 13, 2005. Teague became unresponsive during the arrest and remained comatose until his death on December 10, 2007. A wrongful death lawsuit contended that the officers caused the coma because of how they restrained Teague. The suit was reportedly dismissed because the parties settled.

qconline.com
21754Ferrell Hoover40MaleAfrican-American/Black12/08/2005NewarkNJ40.6973301-74.198688Newark Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to reports of screams near Shop N Bag Meat Center at 705 Frelinghuysen Ave. Ferrell Hoover allegedly resisted being handcuffed or arrested, and allegedly fought with officers. Few details are available on this death.

herokuapp.com
4781Sean Raymond Hopkins37MaleEuropean-American/White12/21/2005EverettWA47.9792119-122.2058078Everett Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

A manager reported that Hopkins left water running in his unit, causing damage to an apartment beneath his. When officers confronted Hopkins, he stabbed officer Dwight Snyder in the stomach. Hopkins reportedly continued to struggle with police officers, who eventually handcuffed him. Officers were holding Hopkins down when another officer checked for a pulse. When the officer determined that Hopkins wasn't breathing, another officer started chest compressions. Medics revived Hopkins at the scene and took him to the hospital.

google.com
4865Jose Ernesto Ramos37MaleHispanic/Latino01/27/2006San BenitoTX26.0729149-97.639921Cameron County Sheriff's Office, Cameron County Constable's Office - Precinct 6
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Around 3 a.m., Rosa Ramos called 911 to report a domestic disturbance. Sheriff's deputies Robert Oyervidez and Juan Cortez III, and Precinct 6 Constable's Sergeant Perez responded. Ramos fought all three deputies, who eventually handcuffed him. After restraint, he complained of breathing issues. According to The Brownsville Herald Rosemary Villareal, who claimed to be an eyewitness, said that a deputy sat on Ramos to subdue him, causing him to suffocate.

brownsvilleherald.com
4983Otto Carl Zehm35MaleEuropean-American/White03/18/2006SpokaneWA47.6731627-117.4107176Spokane Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Spokane Police responded to a convenience store where Otto Zehm, a developmentally disabled janitor, had withdrawn money from an ATM. Zehm was unarmed and not a threat to the seven officers. Zehm was struck by batons at least seven times, Tasered twice, improperly hog-tied, and given an oxygen mask unattached to any tank. The victim lapsed into a coma and died several days later. Police chief James Nicks withheld public records from the local Spokesman-Review newspaper. Ultimately one involved officer was sentenced to 51 months in federal prison in the case. The city settled for a $1.67M payment to the family, budget for re-training the police force, budget for new rules regarding the use of force, and a permanent memorial to the victim.

wikipedia.org
22591Dale Leroy Martin38MaleRace unspecified03/27/2006King GeorgeVA38.2664375-77.1797221King George County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Dale Martin had been arrested on charges of cocaine possession and contempt of court, police said. He was arraigned and placed in the holding cell awaiting transport to the Rappahannock Regional Jail. When the trooper returned to the cell, Martin was hanging by a cord he had apparently removed from his hooded sweatshirt.

google.com
5118Henry Armstrong27MaleAfrican-American/Black05/14/2006East St. LouisIL38.628229-90.158581East St. Louis Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Henry Armstrong died in a police cruiser after allegedly swallowing a plastic bag containing a white, powdery substance. Police had responded to Club Onyx at about 6:45 a.m., where staff said an armed robbery had occurred. Armstrong and another man were in the custody of the club's security staff when police arrived. Officers arrested both men. Armstrong died on the way to the station, according to police. Armstrong and the other man complained that nightclub staff had beaten them, police said. St. Clair County Coroner Rick Stone said preliminary autopsy results indicated that Armstrong died of asphyxiation after a plastic bag became lodged in his throat.

google.com
5154Roger D. Hanks40MaleEuropean-American/White05/24/2006SpokaneWA47.6579585-117.4110933Spokane Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

After a brief chase, the officers made a felony stop and handcuffed Hanks, who was combative and would not comply. When his breathing became shallow and he appeared to be in medical distress, officers rolled him onto his side, removed his handcuffs and called paramedics to the scene. Hanks was rushed to a hospital emergency room where he died. An autopsy conducted by the Medical Examiner's Office determined cause of death to be "cardiopulmonary arrest associated with a prone restraint position during a methamphetamine-induced excited delirium."

khq.com
5180Clifton "Pete" Lee Jr.45MaleAfrican-American/Black06/01/2006YpsilantiMI42.249929-83.588963Washtenaw County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Clifton Lee interfered in a traffic stop where his nephew was being pulled over in the neighborhood by officers. Officer tackled him to the ground, pepper sprayed him, then sat on him chest down. He asphyxiated from the pressure on his chest.

mlive.com
21846Mark Adam Keseleski46MaleEuropean-American/White06/15/2006WoodbridgeNJ40.546815-74.292087New Jersey State Police
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Troopers Thomas Murtha and Steven Levash responded about 9:15 p.m. to a report of a single-car crash on the northbound outer roadway of the Turnpike. They found a 1999 Saturn SL2 on fire in a swampy area on the berm of the roadway. The troopers encountered the driver near the burning vehicle, and there was a struggle. The driver bit Trooper Murtha on his left forearm, Trooper Murtha used pepper spray, and the driver ultimately was handcuffed by the troopers. Minutes after the driver was moved to the berm of the roadway, he died.

www.nj.gov
5269Brian Gregory Jr.23MaleEuropean-American/White06/29/2006EldoraIA42.36376-93.108941Eldora Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers Ted Paxton and "Skip" Earhart chased Brian Gregory Jr., who they were trying to arrest on a parole violation, through the Merrit mobile home park at about 5:30 p.m. Witnesses said one of the officers tackled Gregory from behind and used a choke hold, and that Gregory's head hit a parked car as he went down. Witnesses also said the officers sat on Gregory after handcuffing him. Shortly after he was arrested, Gregory became unresponsive and died.

globegazette.com
5286Johnny Robles31MaleHispanic/Latino07/08/2006DallasTX32.724337-96.646073Dallas Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Family members restrained Robles and called authorities for help, saying that he was on drugs. Responding officers called paramedics and restrained Robles' hands and feet. Robles died as he was put on a stretcher.

google.com
5309Christopher R. Henley43MaleEuropean-American/White07/16/2006Kansas CityMO39.1203824-94.5033542Kansas City Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Christopher R. Henley collapsed and died as police tried to arrest him. Union Pacific Railroad employees had called police at about 8:20 a.m. to report a trespasser in their parking lot. Two officers encountered Henley and asked him questions, but he allegedly became combative and swung at one of the officers. The second officer put his arm around Henley's neck and told him to stop resisting. Police said the officers handcuffed Henley after a brief struggle. Henley then stopped breathing. According to Jackson County deputy medical examiner Thomas Gill, Henley died from a cardiac event brought on by drug use.

google.com
5316Raymond Lee Mitchell21MaleAfrican-American/Black07/19/2006PerrisCA33.8156771-117.2088167Riverside County Sheriff's Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officials claimed that Raymond Lee Mitchell died from autism-induced excited delirium syndrome after struggling with deputies.

sddt.com
5346George Victor Holder34MaleAfrican-American/Black07/30/2006SalinaKS38.8561648-97.6124493Salina Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

George Victor Holder reportedly began having trouble breathing and died shortly after his arrest. According to police, some kids flagged down an officer and told him that Holder, who was homeless, was acting strangely. The officer reportedly saw Holder run into a street and try to get into a passing ambulance. Holder allegedly became violent after the officer approached him. Officers took Holder to the Saline County Jail, but by that time, his breathing was shallow. Holder later died at a hospital.

wibw.com
21084Jayden Murphy0.8MaleRace unspecified08/06/2006NewaygoMI43.4094413-85.7590425Michigan State Police
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

At around 9:15 p.m., a state trooper pulled over John Murphy III, who had his 10-month-old son Jayden in the car with him. According to police, Murphy drove off when the trooper returned to his car. Police said they started to pursue Murphy, but dropped back out of concern for the child's safety. Murphy's car hit a trailer. Murphy reportedly took Jayden and ran through the woods to his mobile home, where he hid in a cupboard under the sink. The boy's mother found Jayden, not breathing, on the floor. She ran outside and alerted the officers, who were looking for Murphy. Jayden died. Murphy reportedly told police Jayden wasn't breathing after the crash and that he tried to resuscitate him. Police alleged that Murphy covered Jayden's mouth because his cries could have alerted the officers as he ran. An autopsy said Jayden had suffocated. Murphy was initially charged with manslaughter. The charges were dropped because it couldn't be determined if Jayden's death resulted from a criminal act, or an accident.

google.com
21852Warren W. Lee38MaleAfrican-American/Black10/12/2006NewarkNJ40.7201442-74.1869004Newark Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

NPD Lt. Neil Minovich and Sgt. Anthony Costa, suspected that Warren Lee had drugs inside his car. Minovich and Costa allegedly beat Lee until he stopped breathing and lost consciousness. Believing that the man was faking his distress or that it was induced by swallowing drugs, the officers did not call an ambulance, and Lee died on the scene. The case, brought as a wrongful death suit by Lee's father, was later settled for $60,000.

huffingtonpost.com
5599Devin Eichenlaub39MaleEuropean-American/White10/29/2006LakewoodCA33.8377709-118.159697Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Devin Eichenlaub stopped breathing after being placed in the Total Appendage Restraint Procedure (TARP) while struggling with deputies who mistook his cell phone for a gun.

latimes.com
5670Brian Hill42MaleRace unspecified11/21/2006OmahaNE41.2893395-95.9694819Omaha Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers responded to a report of a burglary in progress at 10:25 p.m. The resident said that a man, identified as Brian Hill, had forced his way into the home and was behaving aggressively and erratically. According to police Hill was restrained while someone called 911. When officers arrived, they found Hill lying on the porch and arrested him on suspicion of trespassing and destruction of property. Police said Hill was incoherent, so they called for a rescue squad. While handcuffed, Hill was taken to a hospital, where he died.

google.com
18919Brendon Ashley Wallace38MaleEuropean-American/White11/28/2006Hilton Head IslandSC32.1453535-80.7600739Beaufort County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Wallace was stopping cars on a country road and jumping into the window. He died shortly after being restrained.

google.com
5728Kevin Colindres18MaleEuropean-American/White12/12/2006MiamiFL25.7675438-80.2064192Miami-Dade Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Colindres was severely autistic and intellectually disabled. His parents called 911 for help getting him into a crisis center when he became agitated. Local police, familiar with the situation and supposedly trained, hogtied him and left him prone outside until he stopped breathing, then brushed aside the parents' pleas to call an ambulance. "Are you a doctor?" one of the police sarcastically asked the father. Colindres lapsed into coma and died on 1/5/07. As of December 2014 the parents were still attempting to collect a $2.75M settlement from the state.

myfloridahouse.gov
5734Gerald Arthur45MaleRace unspecified12/14/2006New OrleansLA29.94805-90.091251New Orleans Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers Anthony Villavaso and David Ogozalek pulled over Gerald Arthur for running a stop sign. Arthur allegedly fled when Villavaso tried to handcuff him. As he ran away, Arthur struck Ogozalek with the handcuff, cutting his head. The family's lawsuit says the officers wrestled Arthur to the ground where Villavaso placed Arthur in a choke hold for several minutes while other officers kicked or struck him. City attorneys blame Arthur's death on "acute excited delirium."

juryverdicts.net
5829Herbert Tyrone Watt42MaleAfrican-American/Black01/18/2007San FranciscoCA37.7142749-122.468917San Francisco Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Herbert Tyrone Watt died while being detained by two officers during a traffic stop initiated because Watt only had paper license plates (he apparently had bought the car very recently). Officers searched him and found a bag of crack cocaine, which they put in the patrol car, police said. Watt then began to struggle with the officers, grabbed the bag, put it in his mouth, and choked on it.

sfgate.com
5920Name withheld by policeMaleRace unspecified02/21/2007ComptonCA33.893057-118.2285436Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

An unnamed Compton man died after being restrained by deputies.

wordpress.com
30211Victor Sandoval41MaleHispanic/Latino04/16/2007La PuenteCA34.0227386-117.9522194Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Deputies were called to a disturbance. They arrived to find Victor Sandoval agitated and non-compliant. He was pepper sprayed and handcuffed. A hobble restraint was placed on his legs, but was not secured to his handcuffs. Sandoval, who was on his side, became short of breath. Paramedics were called and upon their arrival found Sandoval dead. Sandoval was overweight with a history of diabetes and schizophrenia.

latimes.com
6170Tommy Ralph Gabriel52MaleRace unspecified05/25/2007AromasCA36.8812138-121.6326749San Benito County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

Tommy Ralph Gabriel reportedly died of asphyxiation after he'd set his room on fire and pointed a gun at deputies, one of whom shot at him during a standoff.

sanbenitocountytoday.com
6183Ramel Lemeul Henderson51MaleRace unspecified05/29/2007San DiegoCA32.698264-117.110998San Diego Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Ramel Henderson reportedly lost consciousness as police attempted to hogtie him during a struggle involving officers Maruisz Csas, Steve Bourasa, Randy Burgess, Robert Clark, Mike Hall, Dave Hustad, Robert Leffler, Eric Miller, Victor Rodriquez and Akaan Thomas.

sandiego.gov
6208Peter Eugene Stewart26MaleNative American/Alaskan06/04/2007HoopaCA41.2021879-123.9449307Humboldt County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Peter Stewart died from smoke inhalation after deputy Jamie Barney threw chemical grenades inside a rural home, which then burned down during a more than 24-hour standoff on the Hoopa Tribal Reservation.

times-standard.com
6349Nayeem Khan26MaleRace unspecified07/17/2007MetairieLA30.0021436-90.1251392Jefferson Parish Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Nayeem Khan died of asphyxiation as up to 11 deputies restrained him during a psychotic episode at a Winn-Dixie.

louisianarecord.com
6348Dynami McCree33MaleAfrican-American/Black07/17/2007OaklandCA37.7539607-122.1705635Oakland Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Dynami McCree refused to remove a plastic bag full of suspected cocaine concealed in his buttocks and died after he removed and swallowed the contents while handcuffed in the back of a police car, police said.

insidebayarea.com
6486Tony Green22MaleAfrican-American/Black09/01/2007ChicagoIL41.875273-87.7254639Chicago Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Tony Green was running from police when he allegedly swallowed a bag of what was described as a white substance before having a seizure, according to police. Witnesses said they saw officers grab Green, throw him against a fence and handcuff him before putting him into a squad car. Police drove the squad car a short way before stopping and taking Green out of the car.An ambulance arrived and took Green, who was not moving, to the hospital, where he was pronounced dead. An autopsy said Green died of asphyxia and "aspiration of a foreign body."

chicagotribune.com
6551James L. Pelmore Jr.33MaleRace unspecified09/27/2007UrbanaIL40.122235-88.205656Urbana Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

James L. Pelmore Jr. reportedly died after an altercation with officers Christopher Darr and Kurt Buckley. Police responded at around 5:10 a.m. to investigate an "unknown problem" involving a man "pounding and screaming" on the front door of a house. The officers found Pelmore and handcuffed him by 5:15 a.m. Medical crews arrived three minutes later. The coroner said Pelmore died of cocaine intoxication.

news-gazette.com
6618Bobbie Ray Steele40MaleEuropean-American/White10/26/2007HamiltonOH39.4375616-84.537426Butler County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Bobbie Ray Steele died after his arrest involving a domestic incident with his father. Bobbie Steele was a 40-year-old developmentally disabled paranoid schizophrenic. He had never lived on his own. .And, at the time of his death, was living with his father (who was dying from cancer).

insiderexclusive.com
6767Jorge Guerrero30MaleHispanic/Latino12/23/2007El PasoTX31.8093896-106.255324El Paso County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

A deputy who pulled Guerrero over for speeding learned that he was named in a warrant and ordered him out of the vehicle, which was also occupied by his 12-year-old daughter. Guerrero resisted arrest. Deputies pepper-sprayed, struck and handcuffed Guerrero, then took him to East Montana Sub-Station. Guerrero hanged himself in the bathroom. The sheriff's office learned after Guerrero's death that he planned to commit suicide if he ever went to jail again.

google.com
29936Jesse L. Greer60MaleEuropean-American/White01/01/2008BeaufortSC32.4364318-80.6875725Beaufort County Sheriff's Dept
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Jesse Greer was killed by injuries received in custody after being forcibly removed from a cell by several people, held on the booking-room floor, fitted with a spit mask and placed in a restraint chair. Moments after returning him to the cell, staff "noticed that Greer's color in his face was turning ashen and that his head had tilted back and his eyes were rolling back."An autopsy ruled the death natural, "the result of excited delirium, likely due to chronic methamphetamine use," court documents state. Media reports don't state categorically whether he was booked, so this incident may be outside of FatalEncounters dataset, which does not include individuals after they've been booked into the jail or prison system.

islandpacket.com
21179Lori DeKleine43FemaleEuropean-American/White01/10/2008HollandMI42.7890346-86.0704554Holland Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to the DeKleine family home at around 7 p.m.., after one of two teenage children found their mother, Lori DeKleine, dead in the basement. Lori DeKleine was separated from her husband, officer Ken DeKleine, and was in the process of getting a divorce. Ken DeKleine was on duty that night, police said, and had participated in a training exercise. Initially, detectives thought Lori DeKleine had killed herself, but soon concluded Ken DeKleine had killed her. In the months before her murder, Lori DeKleine had confided in others about the abuse and manipulation she was subjected to by her husband. DeKleine confessed to murdering his wife and said he'd strangled her with a climbing strap, then dragged her body into the basement and tried to stage a suicide. In his confession, he admitted to botching the scheme when he could not lift her body and simply left the unattached strap dangling from a rafter. A jury convicted Ken DeKleine of murder and he was sentenced to life in prison without parole.

mlive.com
29938Andre Deshon Henry36MaleAfrican-American/Black01/11/2008FresnoCA36.719805-119.7989877Fresno Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Andre D. Henry died from a suspected drug overdose after reportedly swallowing an unspecified drug while being arrested by Fresno police in his home.

abc30.com
29939Robert F. Dumont52MaleEuropean-American/White01/14/2008WoonsocketRI42.0059752-71.5098448Woonsocket Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

Robert Dumont was found dead in the holding cell about 45 minutes after he was arrested for allegedly breaking into an apartment across the hall from where he lived. Media reports don't state categorically whether he was booked, so this incident may be outside of FatalEncounters dataset, which does not include individuals after they've been booked into the jail or prison system.

turnto10.com
6968Maureen S. Migliore47FemaleEuropean-American/White03/06/2008West ValleyNY42.4656019-78.641544Buffalo State Campus Police
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Campus police officer Richard J. McKeon strangled his girlfriend, Maureen Migliore, in their home, then put her body in his car and drove 100 miles to Barre, where he dumped her body on the pavement, doused it with gasoline and set it on fire.

thedailynewsonline.com
7465Bruce ManionMaleEuropean-American/White09/06/2008CarthageMS32.67953-89.514546Leake County Sheriff's Office, Mississippi Bureau of Investigation, Mississippi Bureau of Narcotics, Mississippi Highway Safety Patrol
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

Bruce Manion died of smoke inhalation when he reportedly set his house on fire during a 6-hour standoff with local and state law enforcement agencies trying to serve a warrant for his arrest.

google.com
7475Ihasan A. Khan28MaleRace unspecified09/11/2008Live OakCA39.2746593-121.666491Sutter County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Ihasan A. Khan died while being restrained by deputies.

appeal-democrat.com
7511Nathan Paul Sanderson53MaleEuropean-American/White09/21/2008EscondidoCA33.0976273-117.0823954Escondido Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Nathan Paul Sanderson reportedly fell into a coma and died four days after officers Jeffrey Dodds and Guy Yost restrained him on the ground while trying to arrest him for "agitated and bizarre behavior" and suspected drug intoxication.

utsandiego.com
7747Parrish Madison BatchanMaleAfrican-American/Black12/29/2008Los AngelesCA34.0146129-118.1800293Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, Vernon Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Parrish Batchan fell into a coma and eventually died three years after a struggle with LACSD deputies Rigoberto Munoz and Omar Bobadilla, and VPD officer Daniel Onopa, during which he was tasered several times and hogtied.

latimes.com
7902Terry Wayne Jackson aka Terry Wayne Nash21MaleAfrican-American/Black03/01/2009San BernardinoCA34.1083394-117.28515San Bernardino Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Terry Wayne Jackson died after struggling with police while being arrested for taking off his clothes and trying to jump into Seccombe Lake.

whittierdailynews.com
7905Terry Sayachak28MaleRace unspecified03/02/2009San DiegoCA32.6968074-117.0959249San Diego Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Terry Sayachak stopped breathing and died after officers John Erpelding, Mark Lucchesi, Victor Rodriguez, Geraldine Taitague and Justin Tennebaum placed him in maximum restraints as he kicked at them and resisted arrest.

nbcsandiego.com
8027Darryl D. Mason42MaleEuropean-American/White04/18/2009Rock IslandIL41.5091916-90.5618879Rock Island Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to a reported that Darryl D. Mason Sr. was "hyper, sweating heavily and scaring patrons" at the QCCA Expo Center. Police tried to arrest Mason for disorderly conduct, and he allegedly became "agitated, combative and resistive." Police said officers pepper-sprayed Mason when he wouldn't stop trying to kick the windows in a squad car. Upon arrival at the jail, officers placed Mason face down on a concrete bench, to remove handcuffs, police said. Mason became unresponsive and was pronounced dead at a hospital. Although various abrasions and contusions were visible on Mason's body, Coroner Brian Gustafson said, "We could tell immediately they were not from that day." He said Mason died from "adverse effects of cocaine." The inquest jury decided Mason's death was an accident.

qctimes.com
21996Jorge Rivera32MaleHispanic/Latino04/22/2009CamdenNJ39.9541001-75.1197884New Jersey State Police, Camden Prosecutor's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police said Jorge Rivera put a bag of drugs in his mouth when police arrived, and that's what killed him. Some witnesses said that police kicked and punched Rivera and caused him to hit his head on a concrete step.

www.nj.com
8245Donel Adam Stogner42MaleEuropean-American/White07/05/2009HoldenLA30.472156-90.6437086Livingston Parish Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Donel Adam Stogner died after a bone in his throat was broken when deputy Chris Sturdivant used a chokehold on Stogner after he allegedly tried to swallow a baggie of drugs.

cbsnews.com
8288Samuel Gager39MaleEuropean-American/White07/19/2009NovatoCA38.1119302-122.5944074Novato Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Samuel Gager died following his arrest after he'd struggled with and was restrained by five officers who found him slamming his head against a gas station window.

marinij.com
19106Robert Lee Thompson29MaleAfrican-American/Black09/19/2009AndersonSC34.5494713-82.6742823Anderson Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Robert Lee Thompson lost consciousness due to a chokehold being placed on him during a struggle with Officer Bradley Small after a routine traffic stop. The car was reportedly stopped for a broken tail light. Thompson reportedly had warrants issued for his arrest.

google.com
8576Dustin James Boone29MaleEuropean-American/White11/04/2009Las VegasNV36.1007998-115.259701Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Boone died after three Las Vegas police officers took him into custody for a mental health evaluation.One of the officers used a lateral vascular neck restraint, similar to a sleeper hold, to subdue the 340-pound man, which the medical examiner said led to his death.

google.com
8669Andrew Grande23MaleEuropean-American/White12/11/2009Panama City BeachFL30.1806948-85.7931965Bay County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Gay porn performer Grande (aka Dustin Michaels) encountered police during a domestic dispute call at a hotel. Grande physically struggled with officers, was seen to force a bag of marijuana down his own throat, was tasered, and apparently suffocated from the combination. All this was filmed by a reality show crew riding along with the police.

wjhg.com
8830Delbert Eugene Wormwood46MaleRace unspecified02/11/2010Los AngelesCA34.0908825-118.2917608Los Angeles Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Delbert Eugene Wormwood died after police used a hobble restraint on him during a struggle in Hollywood.

lapdonline.org
9035Roland Campbell21MaleAfrican-American/Black04/18/2010LexingtonKY38.008458-84.548214Lexington Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Campbell was perceived to a danger to himself and was subdued by two police officers and a civilian at his adult day care. He was held down by the three individuals until he passed away.

gpo.gov
9093Anthony Kyser35MaleAfrican-American/Black05/08/2010ChicagoIL41.8441154-87.7245815Cook County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Anthony Kyser allegedly stole toothpaste and crayons from a CVS. Surveillance footage showed that store manager Pedro Villanova strangled Kyser in an alley while other men held Kyser down. An off-duty county officer stood nearby as Villanova was killing Kyser, but did nothing to stop it, and some witnesses said the officer was pointing her gun at Kyser. Police denied the officer drew her gun and said she assisted by calling 911 and telling Kyser to stop struggling and relax. Police said Kyser's death was an accident, though the coroner's office said it was a homicide. The Cook County Sheriff's Office did not investigate the officer's involvement.

huffingtonpost.com
9102Wayne Fletcher Pratt42MaleEuropean-American/White05/12/2010HoustonTX29.7642488-95.3480993Harris County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Pratt was involved in a car accident. Deputies responded. Pratt danced around, claimed to be on fire and resisted arrest. Deputies tasered Pratt repeatedly and hogtied him. Pratt died in a hospital. Deputies Vincent Lopez, Brian Goldstein, Michael Medina, Tommy Wilks, Tarzis Lobos, Francisco Salazar, B.J. Auzene, R. DeAlejandro, and R.M. Goerlitz all responded at some point during the arrest. HCSO deputies may not hogtie arrestees.

gpo.gov
9108Robert Albert Appel48MaleEuropean-American/White05/14/2010Palm DesertCA33.752579-116.324338Riverside County Sheriff's Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Robert Albert Appel died after struggling with deputies Martin Alfaro, Robert Garcia, Sean Dusek and Edward Chacon while he was in the midst of a delusional episode in a Palm Desert gated community.

latimes.com
9265Brian Powell42MaleRace unspecified07/05/2010Long BeachCA33.7787898-118.1812924Long Beach Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Brian Powell died in a hospital shortly after officers Paul Tovar, Daniel Melendez, Darren Lance, Nicholas Kent, John Garry and Raymond Panek restrained him while he was being treated by paramedics at a sober living facility.

documentcloud.org
9336Adeliano Servellon23MaleHispanic/Latino07/26/2010FontanaCA34.1533736-117.4843899Fontana Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Adeliano Servellon reportedly stopped breathing and died after he struggled with and was arrested by officer Casey Mutter.

sbsun.com
9366Raul Pinet Jr.31MaleHispanic/Latino08/06/2010SyracuseNY43.0453071-76.1470631Onondaga County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Pinet had been arrested and held on attempted burglary, but uncharged. In a struggle with deputies he had a "spit mask" put on his face, which was incorrectly adjusted. In combination with the position of his body it impaired his ability to breathe. A county video recorded his suffocation.

syracuse.com
9373Troy Allen Geske41MaleRace unspecified08/10/2010PuebloCO38.2895766-104.6304784Pueblo Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Geske died after being restrained. The restraint method was discontinued after his death and the Colorado Mental Health Institute lost its police.

thedenverchannel.com
9472Bertrand Martin36MaleAfrican-American/Black09/15/2010San DiegoCA32.7153909-117.1508218San Diego Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Bertrand Martin died at the San Diego Police Department's downtown headquarters following his arrest.

sandiegouniontribune.com
22026John A. Johns54MaleAfrican-American/Black09/28/2010Pennsauken TownshipNJ39.9644016-75.0484797Pennsauken Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

John A. Johns used his shirt to hang himself inside a jail cell at the Pennsauken Police Department. He hanged himself 14 minutes after being arrested on outstanding warrants and for threatening his girlfriend, police said. Media reports don't state categorically whether he was booked, so this incident may be outside of FatalEncounters dataset, which does not include individuals after they've been booked into the jail or prison system.

www.nj.com
9508Jamail Joseph Amron24MaleMiddle Eastern09/30/2010SpringTX30.0514384-95.4287826Harris County Constable's Office Precinct 4
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Amron called 911 after taking a dose of cocaine that made him feel ill. Deputies and paramedics responded. Amron was handcuffed and put into an ambulance. He struggled free and got out of the ambulance. Four deputies subdued Amron. Paramedics injected him with Versed. According to Courthouse News Service, Sergeant Mary Haver kicked Amron. Deputy Kevin Vailes stepped on Amron's face for up to five minutes. His vital signs were not checked for 15 minutes.

courthousenews.com
9572Michael Anthony Vandekamp39MaleEuropean-American/White10/26/2010StockportIA40.8857083-91.7470703Van Buren County Sheriff's Office, Iowa State Patrol, Henry County Sheriff's Office, Jefferson County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

A deputy tried to stop a vehicle suspected in a reported gas drive off at Doud's Quickstop around 5 p.m. The driver, Michael Anthony Vandekamp, didn't stop and a high speed pursuit began, crossing into Jefferson County and back. Vandekamp crashed his vehicle and fled on foot into a wooded area. Officers from multiple agencies established a perimeter and searched the area. According to police, the search was called off after dark and Vandekamp's vehicle was impounded. At around 7:30 a.m. on October 28, Vandekamp's body was found nearby in a building at a vacant farm. Police said Vandekamp had hung himself.

ktvo.com
9640Craig Boehler46MaleEuropean-American/White11/23/2010PortlandOR45.5132436-122.5500946Portland Police Bureau
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Portland Oregonian: Police were called on a domestic disturbance. Boehler, 46, died of smoke inhalation, but was shot three times by an officer, and one time by Boehler's stepfather. The gunshots were not fatal.

oregonlive.com
9657Jesus Tadeo Magana36MaleHispanic/Latino12/02/2010HoustonTX29.7033007-95.5964817Houston Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Magana broke into a vehicle. The owner of the vehicle and three associates pulled Magana out of the vehicle. Magana, whom the four men described as possibly intoxicated, tried to escape. They held him down and beat him. An officer responded. She requested an ambulance. The death was ruled a homicide by asphyxiation.

google.com
9849Gabriel Vanegas33MaleHispanic/Latino02/06/2011El CajonCA32.8239777-116.9138827San Diego County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

South Park teacher Gabriel Vanegas was killed in a fight with an off-duty deputy.

google.com
22127Kevin Cruz37MaleHispanic/Latino05/25/2011ElizabethNJ40.6526436-74.1967247Elizabeth Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Kevin Cruz allegedly choked on something when he was being arrested on a drug-related charge.

herokuapp.com
10250Raul Ivan Rosas Jr.28MaleHispanic/Latino06/05/2011FresnoCA36.7468422-119.7725868Fresno Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Paul Rosas Jr. fell into a coma, then died four weeks after police tasered and hogtied him before sticking a garden hose in his face and mouth when he asked for water.

mercurynews.com
10662Kevin Davis47MaleRace unspecified10/12/2011ChicagoIL41.8902216-87.7136991Chicago Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

According to the Cook County medical examiner's office, Kevin Davis choked to death on a "foreign body" after being arrested in the East Garfield Park neighborhood. Davis had been arrested at about 7:40 p.m. on a drug charge. At some point, Davis allegedly tried to swallow a packet of drugs and started choking. Davis was pronounced dead at the hospital at 8:28 p.m.

chicagotribune.com
21331Stanley Sparks57MaleRace unspecified11/25/2011DetroitMI42.3453948-83.0565408Detroit Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

According to a civil suit, officers used excessive force when they tried to arrest Stanley Sparks outside his home, allegedly choking him to death. The officer involved was never charged criminally, but the city paid $600,000 to settle the suit.

archive.org
10812Cory Holmes39MaleRace unspecified11/28/2011Staten IslandNY40.6018152-74.1484904City of New York Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

I was a student at he campus when this occurred. There were many student witnesses who reported that the victim was not reaching for the officer's gun, and that the officer sat on top of the victim for an extended period of time.

nydailynews.com
10893Micah S. Abbey33MaleEuropean-American/White12/25/2011RenoNV39.637329-119.870459Reno Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

On Sunday, December 25, 2011, officers from the Reno Police Department responded to a report of a domestic disturbance where a male subject had battered another person, made threats to harm others in the residence, and had armed himself with a fork. Abbey resisted officers as they tried to arrest him and after a lengthy struggle, he was taken into custody. Immediately after, officers noticed that he was not breathing. Abbey was pronounced deceased at the scene.

google.com
11031Craig J. Raposa25MaleEuropean-American/White02/03/2012PortsmouthRI41.5654333-71.2846688Portsmouth Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police were called to Raposa's mother's residence where he became resistant and uncooperative. He'd had a history of mental illness. Although not arrested or accused of any crime, Raposa was restrained, cuffed and placed face-down on the parking lot asphalt for an extended period. He died of cardiac asphyxia.

eastbayri.com
11058Aaron Torres37MaleHispanic/Latino02/12/2012NanakuliHI21.3985514-158.1545409Honolulu Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Aaron Torres, a Teamsters Union supervisor on the "Hawaii Five-0" television production was asphyxiated by police at his Nanakuli home in February and was in a "cocaine-induced excited delirium" when he died, according to the City Medical Examiner's office. Aaron "Spydah" Torres, 37, died of "mechanical asphyxia during police restraint" Feb. 20 and his body showed a "history of cocaine abuse," the office said. The Medical Examiner said the manner of Torres' death was "homicide."

hawaiinewsnow.com
22188Diego Munoz-Colon46MaleHispanic/Latino03/08/2012DoverNJ40.8856809-74.5589446Dover Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

Diego Munoz-Colon turned himself in at police headquarters about 7:30 a.m. and was placed in a holding cell, which is supposed to be monitored through a video feed by a staff member at the front desk, police said. At 11:50 a.m., a police officer brought lunch to Munoz-Colon and found him hanging by his shirt inside the cell. Media reports don't state categorically whether he was booked, so this incident may be outside of FatalEncounters dataset, which does not include individuals after they've been booked into the jail or prison system.

www.nj.com
11142Shereese Francis29FemaleAfrican-American/Black03/15/2012QueensNY40.6713644-73.7826239City of New York Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Family called for an ambulance to get help with Francis, a schizophrenic who was off her medication. NYPD officers arrived first. After some argument eventually four officers applied pressure to Francis's back, into her mother's bed, in an attempt to handcuff her. Francis was asphyxiated.

wsj.com
11322Paul Robert Saldivar33MaleHispanic/Latino05/10/2012Cedar RapidsIA41.9787768-91.6665167Cedar Rapids Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Paul Robert Saldivar was allegedly causing problems at the Hazzard County Bar and ran into an alley when officer Shannon Aguero confronted him shortly after 11 p.m. Officer Gabriel Hepke arrived and the officers arrested Saldivar for public intoxication. Saldivar allegedly resisted, so one officer struck Salvidar's thigh while another shielded Saldivar's head as they pushed him onto the back seat on his stomach. At 11:30 p.m., Aguero arrived at the jail, but reportedly had to wait for the sally port to become available. She said tried to speak with Saldivar, but he didn't respond. Five minutes later, a deputy opened the door and found Saldivar had no pulse. Saldivar never regained consciousness and was taken off of the ventilator on May 17, 2012. An autopsy said Saldivar died from positional asphyxia. Saldivar's death was ruled accidental.

state.ia.us
30213Vachel Howard Sr.56MaleAfrican-American/Black06/04/2012Los AngelesCA33.9702803-118.2779687Los Angeles Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

At approximately 11:49 a.m., Vachel Howard Sr. was pulled over by police after he was driving erratically. He was arrested for a DUI and was transported to the 77th Division jail. During transport, Howard was sweating profusely and became more agitated. Once at 77th, he was uncuffed and transferred to the dispensary for a medical evaluation. However, he was too agitated and nursing staff was unable to evaluate him. As he was being escorted from the dispensary, he allegedly made a move toward a nurse. Police and detention officers attempted to restrain him as he became combative. During the struggle, a police officer deployed a Taser several times, but it was ineffective. During the struggle, a detention officer applied a choke hold. Howard appeared to calm down and was restrained. Officers noticed he was dead and nursing staff began CPR.

latimes.com
11432Christopher Brown17MaleAfrican-American/Black06/13/2012RandallstownMD39.3724836-76.7723763Baltimore County Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Brown, in an act of vandalism evidently out of character, threw at rock that damaged the front door of the house of an off-duty county police officer. The officer chased Brown down. As a result of their encounter Brown was asphyxiated in a choke hold. The officer was indicted for both voluntary and involuntary manslaughter; in April 2014 "Christopher's Law" requiring police officers to be trained in CPR, cultural sensitivity, the proper use of force, and interacting with the physically and mentally disabled passed the MD General Assembly but was vetoed by the governor.

baltimoresun.com
11472Robert Ramirez26MaleHispanic/Latino06/23/2012OxnardCA34.1900251-119.1916381Oxnard Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

A friend called 911 for an ambulance because Ramirez as "bouncing off the walls" and "almost borderline seizure." Seven officers responded. At least three pointed Tasers at Ramirez as he sat on the front porch, unresponsive to questions. He was stunned with Tasers several times. Police say they never used a Taser on him.When one officer told Ramirez to get on his stomach, he stood up and "approximately six" officers "descended" forcing him facedown on the concrete. Police have said they never struck Ramirez. Coroners found no evidence police hit or choked him. The lawsuit says Ramirez's nose was broken, his right arm appeared dislocated or broken and that he suffered bruises and cuts.

sanluisobispo.com
11518Keylon Jovan Brown22MaleRace unspecified07/03/2012Santa AnaCA33.7367233-117.8871067Santa Ana Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Keylon Jovan Brown reportedly became unresponsive and died after being handcuffed by officers Johanna Perez and Kozakowski.

ocweekly.com
11535Charles Andrew Riels40MaleEuropean-American/White07/05/2012Poplar BluffMO36.7405664-90.3963958Poplar Bluff Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Charles Andrew Riels reportedly died in police custody. Officers responded to a report of a man creating a disturbance, disrobing and creating property damage at Casey's General Store. When officers arrived in the parking lot, Riels was reportedly stripped down to his shorts, yelling incoherently and appeared to be delusional. Officers handcuffed Riels, put him in a patrol car and determined he needed to go to a hospital. Riels then reportedly started kicking the windows and security screen, so the officers stopped the car to try and secure him. As the officers opened the car door, Riels allegedly began kicking at them. After a struggle, Riels became unresponsive and was later pronounced dead at a hospital.

wmcactionnews5.com
19379Booker Davis34MaleAfrican-American/Black07/08/2012Little RockAR34.7359539-92.2825269Little Rock Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Davis died after being pepper sprayed, handcuffed on his stomach and bound at the ankles. Davis, who was apparently high on "sherm," was acting erratic and was naked in the street in front of his home. He struggled with Little Rock Police Department officers David Green, Kelly Lepore, Nura Austin and Roy Williams when they arrived, prompting the use of pepper spray.

4029tv.com
11735Larry Tiarks48MaleEuropean-American/White08/23/2012AvocaIA41.520363-95.3559635U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Iowa State Patrol, Iowa Department of Transportation, Harlan Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

A robbery was reported at Shelby County Bank in Shelby. According to police, an on-duty SCSD deputy saw a vehicle matching the description of the getaway car leaving the city. Police gave chase to Avoca, where the driver, Larry Tiarks, stopped at a home and barricaded himself inside. Officers from numerous agencies surrounded the home for more than four hours. Efforts to contact Tiarks were unsuccessful, police said. An ISP Tactical Entry Team went inside shortly after 4 p.m. and reportedly found that Tiarks had hung himself.

nonpareilonline.com
22199Sherron "Shron" Norman37MaleAfrican-American/Black09/29/2012Haddon TownshipNJ39.9069281-75.0966795Haddon Township Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Sharron Norman was arrested 1:30 a.m. after staff at Crown Fried Chicken called 911. Police said the staff reported that Norman was threatening customers and damaging property in the store. Two Haddon Township Police officers responded to the call and struggled with Norman while taking him into custody. One officer sustained "superficial injuries." Norman died in the back of a Haddon Township police car despite efforts to perform CPR on him.

www.nj.com
11936Mark Adam Prom39MaleEuropean-American/White10/19/2012RochesterMN44.024219-92.446482Rochester Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

According to the Star Tribune, police responding to noise complaints from neighbors made a forced entry and sent in a dog. When officers found Birkeland hiding in a closet, he stabbed the dog in the head with a kitchen knife, and police shot him dead.

startribune.com
20763Joseph S. Pavelic47MaleRace unspecified12/27/2012HarrisburgPA40.3162909-76.8981033Susquehanna Township Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Joseph S. Pavelic was a robbery suspect who engaged police in a four-hour standoff and committed suicide by tying a bed sheet to a pipe in the ceiling of his hotel room and hanging himself, police said.

pennlive.com
12231Robert Ethan Saylor26MaleEuropean-American/White01/12/2013FrederickMD39.3740268-77.4130582Frederick County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Robert 'Ethan' Saylor, 26, died from asphyxia after three Frederick County Sheriff's deputies handcuffed the flailing, 294-pound man who had Down syndrome as he screamed, cursed and cried for his mother. Saylor had not purchased a ticket for a repeat viewing of the movie Zero Dark Thirty.

dailymail.co.uk
12360Kayla Moore aka Xavier Christopher Moore41TransgenderAfrican-American/Black02/12/2013BerkeleyCA37.8693034-122.2670288Berkeley Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers responded to 2116 Allston Way for a mental health evaluation. Moore was uncooperative, struggled with police and stopped breathing while under restraint. Copwatch identified Moore as a transgender woman of color (Kayla Moore) and raised concerns about the death. Coroner later ruled death as a drug overdose, accidental. Fatal Encounters apologizes for the occasional use of birth names for transgender people. Police and news media often report the birth names instead of the real names, so we have to have both in our name field to prevent duplications in the dataset.

berkeleyside.com
12629Jesse Aguirre37MaleHispanic/Latino04/12/2013San AntonioTX29.3995301-98.5306527San Antonio Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Aguirre and his girlfriend crashed a stolen vehicle into a fence. Aguirre tried to enter traffic on foot. In dash cam video, three officers bend Aguirre over a median, handcuff him, then flip him over the median. He falls face up. Officers and yank his body upright by his cuffed wrists and frisk him. Medical Examiner Dr. Elizabeth Peacock listed the death as a homicide, but characterized the cause of death as "intoxicated delirium" caused by alcohol and cocaine. Officers Cristina Gonzales, Roberto Mendez, Jennifer Morgan, Bettina Arredondo, Ronald Haley, Benito Juarez, Robert Encina and Douglas Green were named in a lawsuit.

youtube.com
12737Clifton Armstrong38MaleAfrican-American/Black05/01/2013Oklahoma CityOK35.5715631-97.5390318Oklahoma City Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers responded to a call about a possible suicide attempt. Armstrong's sister said her brother called police on himself. He was talked into a squad car before changing his mind and going back toward the house. When officers tried to get him back into the car, the physical confrontation ensued. At some point, he stripped off his clothes. Officers placed Armstrong in handcuffs and used belts to restrain his leg movement. When Armstrong became unresponsive, Paramedics performed CPR. He was pronounced dead after 40 minutes. Family members said they saw grass up his nose.

oklahoman.com
12732DonTrunner Robinson32MaleAfrican-American/Black05/02/2013Baton RougeLA30.5087229-91.1165426Baton Rouge Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

DonTrunner Robinson died after reportedly choking on a small bag of crack cocaine he swallowed when six masked officers dressed in black kicked in his door as they served a no-knock search warrant at 4:45 p.m. The parish Coroner's Office ruled Robinson's death accidental, but Robinson's family said four unidentified officers beat him so viciously that he was unable to swallow the bag and it got lodged in his throat, causing his death. "If you have a small bag that you could easily swallow and I stood here and pounded on you and stomped on you, you wouldn't be able to swallow it," said Elbert Guillory, one of the two attorneys representing the family. Guillory also is a Republican state senator from Opelousas. The other two officers handcuffed Robinson's wife and a landscaper at the house, according to the lawsuit. After the beating, the lawsuit stated, officers placed Robinson and his wife close to each other. She noticed her husband was having trouble breathing and begged officers to take his handcuffs off and help him, but they allegedly refused. The officers wrote in the search warrant that they recovered one small crack cocaine rock, one gram of crack cocaine, two suspected marijuana cigars, a suspected crack pipe, some hydrocodone pills and 19 grams of crack cocaine from Robinson's body.

theadvocate.com
12781Dustin Keith Jones26MaleAfrican-American/Black05/14/2013KirbyvilleTX30.6605827-93.9108199Kirbyville Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Chief Paul Brister and Officer John Hancock served warrants on Dustin Jones for multiple violent crimes. Jones struck the officers and ran away. A struggle ensued when officers caught Jones. The officers subdued Jones with what a lawsuit described as a chokehold. Jones died of asphyxiation. The Texas Ranger Division investigated.

statesman.com
12891Stephen Dinnan35MaleEuropean-American/White06/03/2013WaimanaloHI21.3289969-157.6932238Honolulu Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

A police officer and a firefighter mistakenly thought Stephen Dinnan, 35, had stolen the firefighter's truck. The firefighter reportedly put Dinnan in a chokehold and then helped the police officer restrain Dinnan in the prone position on the ground. Dinnan became unresponsive and died in the hospital the next day. The coroner found Dinnan died of a neck injury and chest compression from being restrained. His wife and two children were awarded $1 million in a wrongful death suit.

hawaiinewsnow.com
12945William Sage Berger34MaleEuropean-American/White06/06/2013SpokaneWA47.6036412-117.3672674Spokane County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

When answering a call on William Sage Berger being disorderly in a gym, Deputy Steve Paynter approached him in the street and tasered him. Berger, who was having a manic episode, ran and allegedly resisted. Deputy Shawn Audie arrived and Berger was tasered 2-4 times. While the three struggled, Audie put Berger in two lateral vascular neck restraints (sleeper holds). After Berger was handcuffed he became unresponsive. He never regained consciousness. The autopsy report found Berger died from"hypoxic encephalopathy due to cardiac arrest with resuscitation due to application of restraint measures by law enforcement personnel including neck compression due to mania with physical agitation." A wrongful death lawsuit brought by Berger's family was unsuccessful.

casetext.com
13130Tyrone West44MaleAfrican-American/Black07/18/2013BaltimoreMD39.3507063-76.5964799Baltimore Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Along with a passenger, Tyrone West was pulled over on a traffic stop by two plainclothes officers in an unmarked car. On a pat-down officers discovered a small amount of cocaine. This caused West to react, and started an extended physical struggle among the three in which the officers accidentally pepper-sprayed themselves. Other police arrived and the beating of West continued after he'd been subdued and handcuffed in the prone position. He died at the scene. The first medical examination concluded West died from a heart condition. Two subsequent autopsies requested by the West family found he died from positional asphyxia caused by being restrained in the prone position. The family received a $400,000 settlement in the case.

wbal.com
13161John Wrana Jr.95MaleEuropean-American/White07/26/2013Park ForestIL41.4836747-87.6759653Park Forest Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responding to an assisted living facility encountered a reportedly belligerent John Wrana Jr., 95, who was refusing treatment. Wrana, who was frail and dependent on a cane or walker, was armed with his cane, a 2-foot-long metal shoe horn, and a butcher knife. Five officers responded. Wrana refused to drop the knife. After one taser failed to hit Wrana, officer Craig Taylor fired 5 beanbag rounds from a distance of 6-8 feet. After the fifth shot, Wrana dropped the knife but remained standing. The commander on scene knocked him to the floor with a riot shield and cuffed him. Wrana died hours later in a local hospital. Officer Taylor was cleared of criminal wrongdoing. Wrana's family received a $1.1 million settlement for wrongful death.

fox2now.com
13311Arneilus Antonio Brown27MaleAfrican-American/Black08/24/2013LubbockTX33.5599236-101.8619408Lubbock Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Brown broke into his wife's residence. She ran away. Brown ran his wife down and attacked her. An unnamed man attacked Brown and choked him until he stopped resisting. Officers responded. EMS took Brown to University Medical Center, where he died of cardiac arrest. He may have taken amphetamines earlier that day. It is not recorded whether the unnamed man, who had no known affiliation with law enforcement, ever stood before a grand jury.

google.com
13314Raymond Curtis Runge44MaleEuropean-American/White08/25/2013Santa AnaCA33.706154-117.8537806Santa Ana Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Raymond Curtis Runge stopped breathing and died after police used a carotid hold, two hobble restraining devices and their body weight to restrain him while he struggled with officers Chris Shynn, Cory Slayton, Danny Alcala, Joshua Gripentrog, Jim Correal, Bob Guidry Cpl. Gonzalo Garcia and Sgt. Gil Hernandez. An autopsy found Runge had severe heart and liver disease and died from methamphetamine intoxication.

orangecountyda.org
13767Charles Eimers61MaleEuropean-American/White11/28/2013Key WestFL24.5470416-81.7957634Key West Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Charles Eimers drove his car onto Key West's Southernmost Beach after a short pursuit by several police cars. He was ordered to leave his vehicle and lie down in the sand. While cuffing Eimers' left hand, officer Garrido got his finger stuck in the handcuff and began screaming in pain for other officers to come to his rescue. Eimers, finding himself in the same painful predicament, began kicking his feet. Within less than 5 minutes, Eimers stopped breathing and turned "blue in the face." He was later pronounced dead.

bradenton.com
14127Mario Evans28MaleAfrican-American/Black03/01/2014DallasTX32.7564514-96.7708854Dallas Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Man was dancing around naked in bar when police arrived, who tasered him. They then wrestled him into an ambulance. Medical examiners discovered he was stabbed and he died of unknown causes.

statesman.com
14131Robert Joseph Minjarez Jr.30MaleEuropean-American/White03/02/2014LafayetteLA30.272974-92.015401Lafayette Parish Sheriff's Office, Carencro Police Department, Scott Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Minjarez was hallucinating when police were called. Minjarez was then pinned facedown to the ground by 3 or 4 officers. One officer was on his legs, another on his thighs, and two on his back. According to an audio recording from the scene, Minjarez is heard pleading for his life, repeatedly telling the officers he was unable to breathe. He was arrested and died six days later. The autopsy ruled Minjarez's death a homicide.

theind.com
20901Michael Willingham43MaleAfrican-American/Black03/03/2014BancroftMI42.8970172-84.1037447Shiawassee County Sheriff's Office, Bancroft Police Department, Michigan State Police, Corunna Police Department, Vernon Police Department, Durand Police Department, Perry Police Department, U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

According to police, around 2:30 p.m. officers from multiple agencies pursued Michael Willingham, who was suspected in a Meridian Township bank robbery. Willingham reportedly lost control of his vehicle on I-69 near Grand River Road and entered the median. Police said Willingham fled on foot into a wooded area. Officers followed footprints in the snow to an elevated deer hunting blind. At around 10:30 p.m., the MSP pulled the blind to the ground. Willingham was found dead inside the blind from an apparent hanging.

wilx.com
14449Branndon C. Jefferson31MaleAfrican-American/Black05/06/2014HoustonTX29.6404076-95.3279153Houston Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Around 4 a.m., a female complainant said that Jefferson was behaving irrationally at her apartment. Officers responded. Jefferson refused to calm down. Officers place Jefferson in handcuffs and leg restraints. Jefferson lost consciousness, then died at Ben Taub General Hospital.

statesman.com
14761Ennis Labaux III37MaleAfrican-American/Black07/05/2014LaPlaceLA30.0782707-90.5021864St. John the Baptist Parish Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

St. John deputies went to a residence following a disturbance report. Relatives told police Labaux assaulted and threatened to kill family members. He cut one relative on the hand with a knife before family members disarmed him. When deputies questioned Labaux, he became combative and assaulted one of the officers. A struggle ensued, and Labaux was eventually put in handcuffs. He continued to struggle with deputies. One of the officers tasered Labaux. Police says deputies tried to secure Labaux's legs when he stopped breathing. He was transferred to River Parishes Hospital where he was pronounced dead.

nola.com
14814Eric Garner43MaleAfrican-American/Black07/17/2014Staten IslandNY40.6377602-74.0768887City of New York Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

The 400-pound asthmatic Staten Island dad died after an officer put him in a chokehold and other officers appeared to slam his head against the sidewalk, video of the incident shows. Evidently, the cops suspected him of selling untaxed cigarettes.

theguardian.com
15348Tanisha N. Anderson37FemaleAfrican-American/Black11/13/2014ClevelandOH41.5209972-81.6226943Cleveland Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Anderson suffered from schizophrenia, and officers agreed with the family that she should be taken to a medical center for evaluation. when officers cuffed Anderson and tried to place her inside their vehicle she resisted. Officers then tasered her and tackled her to the ground, forcing her head onto the ground. Anderson became unresponsive and was pronounced dead at the hospital.

cleveland.com
22176George Tingler Jr.56MaleEuropean-American/White01/10/2015JeffersonvilleIN38.326532-85.7515874Clarksville Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

George Tingler Jr. killed Howard Couch on Bank Street and Bernard Abell on Southland Terrace before hanging himself during a standoff with police.

wlky.com
28202Anthony D. Clark-Reed24MaleAfrican-American/Black03/30/2015DetroitMI42.3091876-83.1327139Detroit Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Detroit police officers Tracy Moreno, Robin Carver, and Eric Carthan pulled Clark-Reed's burgundy Dodge Charger over because it had partially tinted windows. Clark-Reed turned off the car, open all its windows, and placed his hands behind his head. Moreno opened the driver's door, ordered Clark-Reed to exit and lay on the ground, then handcuffed him while sitting on his back. He asked the officers to get his inhaler because he thought he was having an asthma attack. But the officers stood him up, while they unsuccessfully searched his car. They brought him his inhaler and ineffectively administered it themselves, allegedly killing him.

voiceofdetroit.net
15981Joseph Slater28MaleEuropean-American/White04/15/2015HighlandCA34.1212445-117.1999563San Bernardino County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Deputies responded to a report of a man damaging property a gas station. They pepper-sprayed him at least once, and he allegedly tried to escape. They finally got him under control after "force was used to overcome his resistance" and got the subject in the patrol car when the man had a medical emergency and became unresponsive. He died soon after at the hospital.

sbsun.com
16244Kevin Higgenbotham47MaleAfrican-American/Black06/15/2015TrentonNJ40.2261284-74.771404Trenton Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Higgenbotham called police to report a trespasser. He was beaten and pepper-sprayed by responding officers. He went into a coma and died on March 12, 2016.

trentonian.com
16262Robert W. "Robbie" Kenkel38MaleEuropean-American/White06/22/2015O'FallonMO38.8070584-90.7162O'Fallon Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Kenkel was standing in the middle of Westbrook Drive yelling for someone to call the police. When police arrived, they met with the Kenkel's mother, who said her son was acting paranoid. Officers met with Kenkel, and he was having hallucinations, exhibiting signs of manic behavior and at times speaking incoherently. He agreed to go to the hospital for an evaluation and when medics came to transport him, he voluntarily got into the ambulance. But shortly thereafter, he jumped out. Officers found Kenkel. They ordered him to the ground, and he complied but he began to fight as they tried to handcuff him. He died while he was being subdued or calmed down.

stltoday.com
16332Jonathan Sanders39MaleAfrican-American/Black07/08/2015StonewallMS32.1303022-88.7921964Stonewall Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Jonathan Sanders was in a buggy pulled by horses in Stonewall when Officer Kevin Herrington pulled up behind him. The lights apparently spooked the horses and Sanders was trying to calm them when Herrington allegedly choked Sanders with a flashlight (some reports state that the PD denies the flashlight involvement).

wtok.com
16393Troy Goode30MaleEuropean-American/White07/18/2015SouthavenMS34.9630879-89.9292711Southaven Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Troy Goode died after reportedly being hogtied and telling officers he was having trouble breathing due to asthma.

nbcnews.com
16398Richard Linyard23MaleAfrican-American/Black07/19/2015OaklandCA37.7634565-122.1951742Oakland Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Richard Linyard reportedly died of asphyxiation and was found wedged between two buildings after fleeing police during a traffic stop in East Oakland.

sfgate.com
16399Heriberto Godinez Jr.24MaleHispanic/Latino07/20/2015ChicagoIL41.8226752-87.6996902Chicago Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Godinez was a suspect in a burglary when officers apprehended him, police said. A medical examiner said Godinez died of cocaine and alcohol poisoning and that the physical stress of police restraint was a "significant contributing factor" to his death. Police have not released additional details about the circumstances surrounding Godinez's arrest.

dnainfo.com
16454Joseph Sheldon Hutcheson48MaleEuropean-American/White08/01/2015DallasTX32.7767829-96.8155588Dallas County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Hutcheson ran into the lobby of a jail asking for help because his wife was out to kill him. Sheriff's officers were witnessed to have put a knee on his body and on his neck, despite Hutcheson saying that he couldn't breath. He died shortly thereafter. He'd been incarcerated recently for drugs, but witnesses say that he was not aggressive toward officers at all.

dallasnews.com
16605Timothy J. Harden38MaleEuropean-American/White09/05/2015Freehold TownshipNJ40.231908-74.206909Howell Township Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Howell police were called to respond to a disorderly person at the festival, which was hosted at the New Jersey Latvian Society's center. When police arrived, the guards handed Harden over to them. Those officers, who have not been identified, were the last to see Harden alive, according to Mallon and Griffin Security LLC. According to the suit, at some point after he was turned over to police, Harden was choked to death. Exactly what transpired in Harden's final moments is unclear.

www.nj.com
29102Terrell Day18MaleAfrican-American/Black09/26/2015IndianapolisIN39.7826819-85.9897896Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers responded to a call after a security guard alleged that Terrell Day had stolen a watch from the Burlington Coat Factory. Day ran out of the mall, followed by a police officer and a security guard who said that Day was carrying a gun. When police caught up with Day, he had collapsed. Officer Randall Denny arrived and noticed that the 312-pound teenager had defecated on himself and was sweating and breathing heavily. Officers handcuffed Day twice, killing him during an apparent heart attack. The gun was out of Day's reach when he died.

theroot.com
3243Thomas Joseph Purdy Jr.38MaleEuropean-American/White10/08/2015RenoNV39.5748794-119.8129306Washoe County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Thomas Purdy was having emotional/mental crisis in the Peppermill Resort Spa Casino, where he was a guest. He was restrained and arrested by security guards and Reno police officers. He was left hogtied in receiving at the Washoe County jail, allegedly high on methamphetamine and complaining he couldn't breathe. Washoe County paid $100,000, Peppermill casino paid $50,000, and the city of Reno paid $25,000 to settle wrongful death lawsuits. Reports don't state categorically whether he was booked, so this incident may be outside of FatalEncounters dataset, which does not include individuals after they've been booked into the jail or prison system.

rgj.com
17020Kenneth Ray Thornhill49MaleEuropean-American/White12/15/2015LibertyTX30.058723-94.7911Liberty County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

Thornhill hanged himself in a holding cell shortly after he was convicted of a drug-related crime. The Texas Ranger Division investigated.

force.com
17028Roy Nelson42MaleAfrican-American/Black12/19/2015HaywardCA37.6392161-122.110998Hayward Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police picked Nelson up for a psychiatric emergency. He died while being restrained.

contracostatimes.com
17167Scott A. Brunson50MaleEuropean-American/White01/25/2016SalinaKS38.8447786-97.6145191Salina Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police say that the man was taken into custody after allegedly punching a female acquaintance in the chin. The man resisted officers as he was being taken into custody. He was transported to the Saline County Jail and released into the custody of corrections officers. Melander says that the suspect became disruptive in the booking area, and fought with jail corrections officers. He became unresponsive following the altercation.

ksal.com
17229Wendell Jerrold Celestine Jr.37MaleAfrican-American/Black02/05/2016AntiochCA38.0140426-121.8031535Antioch Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Celestine and was wanted on suspicion of violating his parole. He had walked out of a hospital against doctors' orders two days earlier, police said. Police found Celestine sleeping in a car parked at the end of East Sixth Street with a friend. The officer attempted to arrest Celestine, who fought with officers. After restraining him, officers called for an ambulance to treat him for potential injuries sustained during the struggle. As the ambulance arrived, the man began having "some sort of medical distress." He then died.

eastbaytimes.com
17371Abelino Cordova-Cuevas aka Jose Cordoba28MaleHispanic/Latino03/07/2016StocktonCA37.9398679-121.286277Stockton Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Cordova-Cuevas was pulled over at El Dorado and Clay and ran from police. When police caught up to the suspect, he allegedly began physically fighting with the officers. Police said officers tased him an unknown number of times, and he became unresponsive, then died.

kqed.org
17416Richard Gonzalez55MaleHispanic/Latino03/16/2016BronxNY40.8079247-73.9225994City of New York Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to a domestic disturbance, regarding Gonzalez, who may have been high on cocaine. A fight happened, and he was restrained, dying at the scene.

nydailynews.com
17587Jonathan Watson46MaleEuropean-American/White04/25/2016Captain CookHI19.112571-155.783463Hawaii Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

The Hawaii Police Department reports that officers responded to 911 call of a shooting. Officers arrived at a Hukilau Drive home when a man came out of the house in an "aggressive manner" and began to fight with the officers, according to police. The man was taken into custody. When officers went into the house to check for a suspect or victims, police say the man in custody kicked officers and soon became unresponsive and died.

khon2.com
17767Lorez Rayfond Chambers43MaleAfrican-American/Black06/09/2016Oklahoma CityOK35.4784938-97.5429865Oklahoma City Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police say Chambers was seen going into a neighbor's yard, and the calling party was concerned he was burglarizing the residence. When Officer Kelsey Dunn made contact with Chambers, police say he was holding a naked barbie doll and rubbing his genitals through his pants. Police say Chambers was intoxicated. Officer Dunn was able to get the suspect to stand up and escort him to the patrol vehicle.Chambers began to fight and was placed in "maximal restraints." He died 11 days later.

kfor.com
17875Carlos BrownMaleAfrican-American/Black07/02/2016CantonMS32.5927347-90.0866923Canton Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Brown stole a police car, fought with police when they caught up with him, and he died. The family said he was maced and handcuffed.

wapt.com
17918Walter Rivers49MaleEuropean-American/White07/12/2016KaplanLA29.9808135-92.2713745Vermilion Parish Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Deputies responded to a complaint on Hargrave Road about a white male attempting to gain entry into a residence. During the investigation, officials attempted to arrest Rivers. Police say Rivers began to resist arrest and fight with deputies, and while resisting, collapsed and was unresponsive.

theadvertiser.com
17973Humberto Martinez32MaleHispanic/Latino07/26/2016PittsburgCA37.9974668-121.8888549Pittsburg Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers attempted to stop a vehicle, but the suspect led them on a short pursuit and fled into a residence. They followed him inside where a struggle ensued, during which the suspect bit an officer's hand. At some point during the struggle they deployed a Taser, but it was ineffective, according to police. The suspect was eventually handcuffed, but moments later he became unresponsive and they performed CPR. He was resuscitated and transported to a hospital, where he was pronounced dead.

ktvu.com
18018Joel Huerta56MaleHispanic/Latino08/04/2016Santa BarbaraCA34.4440874-119.7762379Santa Barbara County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Huerta was arrested on suspicion of being under the influence of drugs. He was restrained and taken to the County Jail "due to his level of impairment," police said. Jail medical staff attempted to assess Huerta, but he refused to answer questions. Huerta was taken to a cell for observation and had his restraints removed. He became unresponsive almost immediately and died. Media reports don't state categorically whether he was booked, so this incident may be outside of FatalEncounters dataset, which does not include individuals after they've been booked into the jail or prison system.

noozhawk.com
18193Timothy Shannon McMillan38MaleEuropean-American/White09/13/2016San GabrielCA34.1236394-118.0729338Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Deputies confronted McMillan after a violent carjacking. In that incident, McMillan approached a parking enforcement officer as she was writing a ticket, yelled at her and punched her in the head, police said. About 20 minutes later, McMillan drove to a McDonald's. There, he entered the restaurant and screamed at employees. Deputies received a disturbance call and went to the restaurant, where they found the man. He got violent and was handcuffed and legcuffed. He died.

sunherald.com
18212Tawon Boyd21MaleAfrican-American/Black09/18/2016Middle RiverMD39.3471945-76.384848Baltimore County Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police were attempting to subdue Boyd, who appeared to be on drugs and/or alcohol. After a fight, he died.

cbslocal.com
18316Kristofer Paul Talancon30MaleAsian/Pacific Islander10/15/2016SparksNV39.543917-119.7240254Sparks Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police were investigating a domestic battery, and police developed probable cause to arrest a suspect, police said. Police found the suspect in the 1200 block of Coachman Drive in Sparks. Police attempted to arrest the man, and there was a struggle. They took him into custody and a short time later he became unconscious and died.

google.com
18357Lamont Perry32MaleAfrican-American/Black10/27/2016WadesboroNC34.9740598-80.07847Anson County Probation Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Perry was killed when Probation and Parole Officer William Kyle Torrence attempted to arrest him for parole violations. Wadesboro police were there, but their role is not clear. No shots were fired.

ansonrecord.com
27828Jay E. Dailey56MaleEuropean-American/White10/31/2016LynnwoodWA47.8719343-122.2700753Snohomish County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

About 8 p.m., a 911 caller requested medical assistance at a home for a man who was exhibiting strange behavior and acting confused. Two sheriff's deputies responded, and the man was handcuffed and died. Details about methods used to restrain Jay Dailey were withheld by police.

heraldnet.com
18552Name withheld by policeMaleRace unspecified12/12/2016Palm BayFL27.9587371-80.6712688Palm Bay Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police said a family member called to report that the man was in the house and 'out of control,' reports show. Officers physically restrained the man who was then taken to Palm Bay Hospital's emergency where doctors pronounced him dead. Few details were immediately released.

floridatoday.com
18597Marcus Dushane White41MaleAfrican-American/Black12/23/2016JacksonvilleFL30.364312-81.6669238Jacksonville Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

White was acting erratically when deputies were called. They found him attempting to get into other people's cars. He was restrained and died. Allegedly, he was found with cocaine.

jacksonville.com
18601Jonathan Wayne Barrio35MaleEuropean-American/White12/23/2016TronaCA35.7881742-117.3625654San Bernardino County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

A deputy was dispatched after a report of an unwanted subject, police said. The deputy found a man matching the description, Jonathan Barrio, 35, of Trona, who appeared to be under the influence of an unspecified substance. Barrio fought when the deputy tried to arrest and handcuff him, but eventually was placed in the back seat of the patrol car and hobbled. Sometime after being hobbled, Barrio died.

sbsun.com
18645Muhammad Abdul Muhaymin Jr.43MaleAfrican-American/Black01/04/2017PhoenixAZ33.5009434-112.1688494Phoenix Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Phoenix police said officers were called to a community center where a man was reported to be "acting erratically," refusing to leave and had allegedly assaulted an employee. Multiple officers restrained the man as he continued to fight with officers, even after he was handcuffed. He died a short time later.

12news.com
18672Hector Arreola30MaleHispanic/Latino01/10/2017ColumbusGA32.5158984-84.984281Columbus Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Members of the Columbus Police Department's Patrol Division responded to a call on Moss Drive. During the investigation, Arreola resisted officers' efforts to place him in custody and sustained an injury, which apparently killed him.

wtoc.com
18730Barry Hairston54MaleRace unspecified01/19/2017PhiladelphiaPA39.967975-75.151841Philadelphia Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police were responding to a 911 call for a person screaming. Arriving officers found the man jumping up and down on his red pickup truck while screaming. The man jumped off the truck and went to the driver's side of the patrol car, reached inside an open window, and grabbed a female officer by her neck and hair. There was a struggle, and an officer struck the man with a baton. Another officer tasered him. Finally, they got him to the ground and got him handcuffed - then noticed he was unresponsive.

6abc.com
18884Wardel "Meech" Davis20MaleAfrican-American/Black02/07/2017BuffaloNY42.916109-78.886933Buffalo Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

According to police, Davis was stopped by two Buffalo police officers, Todd C. McAlister and Nicholas J. Parisi, when he tried to flee and began fighting with the officers. The officers were apparently patrolling for drug activity. The officers were eventually able to handcuff him. After he was handcuffed, the man appeared to be in some type of "medical distress." The officers took off the handcuffs and began to administer CPR, but he was dead.

buffalonews.com
19048Charles Kosi Jr.48MaleAsian/Pacific Islander02/18/2017HonoluluHI21.3324456-157.9197551Honolulu Police Department, Hawaii Department of Public Safety
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Charles Kosi Jr. breached a TSA security checkpoint at the Honolulu International Airport. He struggled with police, was restrained, and died from cardiac arrest.

mauinews.com
19392Clifton Antwone Watts30MaleAfrican-American/Black03/08/2017RoanokeVA37.2881639-79.9700464Roanoke Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Two Roanoke officers responding to a disorder call found two women and a man inside a home. The man was lying motionless on the floor but was conscious. The women told police that the man had threatened and assaulted them after coming into the home. They said they fought back against the man, whom they did not know. When police arrested Clifton Antwone Watts, he resisted being handcuffed but eventually was placed in the back of a patrol car. Sometime later, an officer noticed that Watts was dead.

roanoke.com
20259Abel Marquez36MaleHispanic/Latino03/11/2017San FranciscoCA37.7658197-122.431431San Francisco Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Abel Marquez, 36, who reportedly had been drinking and using methamphetamine, was restrained by police after he broke a window and cut himself at a bar. He became unresponsive and was taken to Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, where he died almost two weeks later.

ebar.com
20167Jonathan Andrew Salcido27MaleHispanic/Latino05/04/2017WhittierCA33.969215-118.0093704Whittier Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers responded to a home "regarding a male adult suffering from a mental illness who was refusing to go to a mental hospital," police said. The man had run away from the home by the time police arrived. A family member followed the man about a mile to the 7900 block of Ocean View Avenue. As officers approached, the man tried to jump over a fence leading to a water reservoir. Officers used control holds to restrain and handcuff the man, killing him.

whittierdailynews.com
20267Chad R. Cupps43MaleEuropean-American/White05/07/2017DubuqueIA42.51567-90.667411Dubuque Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to a report that someone was assaulting people at a bar early Sunday morning. People inside were restraining Chad Cupps when police tried to arrest him. Officers said they used pepper spray because Cupps continued to resist. Cupps became unresponsive and died.

kcrg.com
20231Jamie Salinas27MaleRace unspecified05/11/2017BeevilleTX28.3848022-97.736156Bee County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Deputies were called to the Coastal Plains MHMR clinic. Deputies discovered that the man had recently been committed to a mental health facility and was resisting attempts to be transported by EMS. He was eventually restrained and placed in a patrol unit to wait for a transport crew. He became unresponsive in the patrol car and died.

google.com
20234Branch Wroth41MaleEuropean-American/White05/12/2017Rohnert ParkCA38.3489428-122.716326Rohnert Park Department of Public Safety
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police got a call about a man at the hotel acting strangely. When two officers arrived, they were taken to the man's room. Branch Wroth was "incoherent and appeared to be in an altered state," police said. The two officers got into a fight with the man, and one of the officers shocked Wroth with his Taser, killing him.

kron4.com
20247Tashii S. Brown40MaleAfrican-American/Black05/14/2017Las VegasNV36.1226902-115.1701939Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police say two officers were approached by a man inside the Venetian Hotel. He was acting erratic and told officers someone was chasing him, police said. He took off toward the back of the build and police followed. One officer tasered the man when he reportedly tried to get into a nearby truck. He was punched multiple times and put in a choke-hold by Officer Kenneth Lopera, killing him. A grand jury refused to indict.

reviewjournal.com
12980Randall Dale Scruggs42MaleEuropean-American/White05/28/2017SunsetSC34.9776617-82.7990521Pickens County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Deputies responded to a disturbance beside a roadway and found Randall Dale Scruggs high on meth. He was shouting, "Don't let them hurt me" while sitting in a patch of brush. Deputies cuffed him and put him on the ground. One deputy pressed his knees into the man's thighs and back as his mother pleaded with deputies to show mercy. His body became rigid. He began to vomit and seize. He lost consciousness and died.

greenvilleonline.com
20640Christopher Reyes30MaleHispanic/Latino06/18/2017EdinburgTX26.2902318-98.1731196Edinburg Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

A family member called police to Greenbriar Drive about a male family member. When police arrived Christopher Reyes was combative toward officers, according to police. He was placed into police custody and died.

foxnewssouthtexas.com
11905Jackson Edge Jr.53MaleEuropean-American/White06/26/2017WellfordSC34.9454082-82.1033873Wellford Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers were in regards to a prowler call, police said. Officers found a man with his pants falling around his ankles, peering into a nursing home. Jackson Edge was sweating and not acting right, and police were attempting to arrest him, when he took off. Edge resisted arrest, swinging broken glass paraphernalia. As the officers restrained Edge, he went unconscious, and died a short time later.

wspa.com
20871Richard Sparks37MaleEuropean-American/White06/30/2017CookevilleTN36.1355144-85.5492993Cookeville Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to a call about a man walking in the median of Interstate 40. When an officer made contact with Richard Sparks, Sparks reportedly became combative. A second officer arrived, and the two were able to place Sparks on the ground and get him into handcuffs. A short time later Sparks was dead.

wkrn.com
20874Name withheld by policeMaleRace unspecified07/01/2017MiamiFL25.7735238-80.2058981Miami Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police officers responded to a laundromat because a man had threatened a woman, and they found the man was acting aggressively. He died during a struggle as police tried to restrain him for arrest.

local10.com
23019Armando Frank42MaleAfrican-American/Black10/20/2017MansuraLA31.0956427-92.0625395Avoyelles Parish Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Deputies spotted Armando Frank, who was wanted on several warrants, sitting on a tractor outside a Walmart. When they attempted to arrest him, Frank resisted and was tasered by the deputies. He continued to resist and was tasered again, killing him.

nola.com
23466Nicholas Grant Lovett29MaleEuropean-American/White12/13/2017BoronCA35.0062748-117.7002142Kern County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Deputies responded to reports of a man threatening neighbors. Deputies said the man was under the influence of drugs and he was touching himself inappropriately. When deputies tried to arrest him, he started to resist, and once the man was handcuffed, they realized he was dead.

bakersfieldnow.com
28837Kris Mailloux39MaleEuropean-American/White01/14/2018LeominsterMA42.536656-71.774887Leominster Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Kris Mailloux died several days after two officers responding to a well-being call restrained him on the floor of his grandmother's home.

telegram.com
25192Dwayne Pritchett48MaleAfrican-American/Black01/28/2018BronxNY40.870382-73.89872City of New York Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to a 911 call around 4:30 p.m. reporting that an emotionally disturbed man had locked himself inside his bedroom. When they arrived, police tried to get Dwayne Pritchett to come out. Pritchett opened the door, and police reportedly spotted drugs and a gun on the floor. When they attempted to put him in handcuffs, Pritchett allegedly tried to pull a gun from the holster of one of the officers. When officers gained control of Pritchett and pulled him from the bedroom, they handcuffed him and he lost consciousness and died.

pix11.com
23882Christopher Eisinger35MaleAfrican-American/Black03/02/2018AnaheimCA33.8174253-117.9933671Anaheim Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

On March 2, Anaheim police were dispatched to a home following a report of a suspicious male in a backyard. Police said that Eisinger dropped a large stick or pole and ran away from a patrol sergeant. Several officers gave chase when he tripped and fell backward. Eisinger allegedly began resisting arrest by kicking and flailing his arms. Police responded with control holds and physical force until they were able to handcuff him. He lost consciousness and died on March 10. In April 2021, the family was awarded $2.27 million.

ocweekly.com
30125Robert Raymond Eldard aka Robert Raymond Gagnon49MaleRace unspecified03/14/2018BellinghamWA48.7554538-122.4884035Bellingham Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Bellingham police responded to a call, which was made around 11:37 p.m. at the Drop-In Center, an emergency homeless shelter in Bellingham for a man in mental crisis. Robert Eldard died following a struggle with police.

bellinghamherald.com
30219Eric Daniel Rodriguez30MaleHispanic/Latino04/07/2018Santa MonicaCA34.0126752-118.4969425Santa Monica Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

A person called 911 when Eric Rodriguez was having an apparent mental crisis. A coroner said, "Eric Rodriguez died as a result of acute methamphetamine toxicity with the other significant condition of hypoplastic right coronary artery and police restraint with the use of handcuffs and shackles.

lacounty.gov
24389Alejandro Sanchez38MaleRace unspecified05/05/2018ModestoCA37.6111189-120.9824787Stanislaus County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

A man flagged down two deputies in the parking lot of Country Girl Truck Stop about 10:30 a.m. The man said there was something wrong with his truck. Deputies learned the vehicle was not registered and told the man he would receive a citation. He became upset and began fighting with the deputies. Alejandro Sanchez was killed while being taken into custody.

modbee.com
24394Keeven Lionel "Maxx" Robinson22MaleAfrican-American/Black05/10/2018JeffersonLA29.9630095-90.1531085Jefferson Parish Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Keeven Robinson had been the target of a drug investigation and ended up in a fight with deputies after a chase, police said. He was killed by Deputies Justin Brister, Gary Bordelon, David Lowe and Jason Spadoni during the arrest.

theadvocate.com
24398Name withheld by policeMaleRace unspecified05/13/2018La CenterWA45.9031656-122.5842193Clark County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers Scott Kirgiss and Forrest Cook arrested a domestic violence suspect. He died during arrest when he allegedly resisted.

columbian.com
24405Name withheld by police39MaleRace unspecified05/27/2018New York CityNY40.7970097-73.9377731City of New York Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to a 911 call about an unruly person inside an apartment, police said. When they arrived, the man's family members were restraining him. The officers handcuffed him, but he continued behaving aggressively. After police brought him out into the hallway, he died.

nydailynews.com
24416Ryan Angerstien30MaleEuropean-American/White06/18/2018AkronOH40.9902503-81.4629368Springfield Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to Nichols Road around 3 a.m. The initial report was for a man banging on doors as he yelled for help. Two Tasers were collected from the scene, and Ryan Angerstein was shocked at least once by a Taser. Angerstien died when he was placed in handcuffs on the ground.

cleveland.com
24418Name withheld by policeMaleRace unspecified06/23/2018AnaheimCA33.8323844-117.9260444Anaheim Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

A 46-year-old man who was acting erratically, including running in and out of traffic, was killed while being arrested by Anaheim police officers. Police received calls at 5:36 p.m. about the man, who witnesses said was seen in traffic trying to get cars to hit him.

ocregister.com
24421Christopher Paul31MaleRace unspecified06/26/2018AlexandriaVA38.7773438-77.1058394Fairfax County Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers were called for a report of an overdose. Police say the 911 caller was a relative who had been struck in the head by Christopher Paul. Officers found Paul inside the home, naked and possibly experiencing a mental health crisis. Paul allegedly caused himself to fall to the floor in an effort to harm himself. The officers restrained Paul using handcuffs and a restraining device on his legs. He died.

nbcwashington.com
24458Timothy Jason Coffman36MaleEuropean-American/White06/28/2018South DaytonaFL29.1585258-81.0163497South Daytona Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

South Daytona police responded to a call about a man breaking into multiple residences. When they arrived he took off with officers in chase. During a fight when they caught up with him, Timothy Coffman allegedly sprayed pesticide on them and bit their fingers. He was reportedly tasered to no avail before he was shot and killed.

hawaiinewsnow.com
25789Daniel J. Turner40MaleEuropean-American/White06/28/2018FarmingtonNM36.7479722-108.1891614Farmington Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Responding to a mental health call, officers restrained Daniel Turner, and he died from asphyxiation.

google.com
24423Robert Eugene Gambrell III33MaleEuropean-American/White06/29/2018ClemsonSC34.7010064-82.7977983Clemson Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers were called to a 7-Eleven around 2 a.m. for a fight at the gas station. By the time they arrived, Robert Eugene Gambrell had locked himself in the store and was destroying things inside. Police said the other person in the fight had been trying to help Gambrell with a motorcycle that would not start. When officers entered the store, Gambrell allegedly attacked them. He died after being handcuffed.

foxcarolina.com
28722Paul Daniels65MaleAfrican-American/Black09/01/2018IndianapolisIN39.8578947-86.2121168Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to a 911 about a suspicious individual. Police intercepted Paul Daniels, and a struggle began. Several officers restrained Daniels, who was killed. Daniels's family allege that he was mentally impaired.

wthr.com
25411Marcus Deon Smith38MaleAfrican-American/Black09/08/2018GreensboroNC36.072765-79.7865054Greensboro Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Marcus Deon Smith was pacing along the street indicating he was in danger and threatening suicide. Police eventually put him the back of a cop car without restraints. He was trying to break windows when police opened the car door. Smith rushed out, and police restrained him using a RIPP Hobble, which binds the ankles and includes a strap that is used to attach the ankles to the handcuffs shackling the person's hands behind the back, killing him. Post mortem examination found cause of death was a sudden cardiopulmonary arrest due in part to the prone restraint, a combination of illicit drugs and alcohol, and hypertensive and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

atlantablackstar.com
24951Anton G. Black Jr.19MaleAfrican-American/Black09/15/2018GreensboroMD38.9637445-75.7965089Greensboro Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Antone Black Jr. was seen pulling a child down the street and a police officer intervened. Black fled on foot to his parents house nearby, where he jumped into his car. An officer smashed the car's window with a baton and tasered Black to no effect. The officer was joined by two off-duty officers and one civilian who collectively restrained Black in the prone position with handcuffs and ankle restraints. After 10 minutes, Black became unresponsive and died. The child turned out to allegedly be a relative of Black's and was in no danger. Black suffered from mental illness. Black's family has filed an excessive use of force lawsuit.

delmarvanow.com
25208Richard Allen Barry52MaleEuropean-American/White11/22/2018PortlandOR45.5124383-122.682237Portland State University Police Department, Portland Police Bureau
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Portland State University police responded to calls about a man yelling and running in the street. Police located Richard A. Barry, who reportedly struggled with PSU officers. PPB Central Precinct officers were then called. Police said they restrained Barry because of his behavior. Barry became unresponsive and died at the hospital. The coroner determined the death was accidental and that it occurred due to acute methamphetamine and cocaine toxicity, not the fact that Barry was restrained by six officers.

oregonlive.com
11313Gregory Lloyd Edwards38MaleAfrican-American/Black12/09/2018CocoaFL28.4481248-80.7806714Brevard County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Gregory Edwards was arrested outside of a Walmart on the charges of battery, violation of probation, and resisting arrest and taken to jail. Police officers beat Gregory Edwards in an effort to subdue him after an altercation that occurred when he failed to comply with directions to move toward booking and fingerprinting. As many as seven officers kicked and punched, pepper sprayed, tasered, covered his head with a spit hood, restrained him in a chair, and locked him in a room by himself. About 20 minutes later, an officer removed the spit hood and wiped the mace from his face and found him unresponsive. He died a short time later. Media reports don't state categorically whether he was booked, so this incident may be outside of FatalEncounters dataset, which does not include individuals after they've been booked into the jail or prison system.

floridatoday.com
25304David Anthony Baker32MaleAfrican-American/Black12/17/2018AuroraCO39.6830048-104.8641289Aurora Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

At about 6:15 p.m., residents of Willowick Apartments called dispatchers for help, saying someone in the family was attacking others inside their home. Some 20 officers subdued Baker, killing him during the struggle.

westword.com
25317Husie Outing III47MaleAfrican-American/Black12/19/2018Los AngelesCA34.0515873-118.2560971Los Angeles Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Husie Outing allegedly pushed a teen onto Redline train tracks, fled and soon hit a construction worker some blocks away. A struggle began, and he died just after being taken into police custody.

patch.com
28283Sherianne Leinaala Nixon49FemaleAsian/Pacific Islander01/01/2019WahiawaHI21.5010495-158.0209227Honolulu Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to a home in Wahiawa where Sherianne Nixon allegedly had assaulted her friend and damaged property. The two officers requested an ambulance because she appeared to be acting erratically. According to police, the woman refused to leave so the officers restrained her and escorted her out. Then she became unresponsive and later died.

khon2.com
25660Eleanor Northington43FemaleAfrican-American/Black02/06/2019IndianapolisIN39.832437-86.053341Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Eleanor Northington allegedly had been causing a disturbance at Mt. Calvary Apostolic Church at 8:30 p.m. A behavioral health officer who was a church member tried unsuccessfully to calm her. She allegedly assaulted the approaching officers. The officers physically restrained her and placed her in handcuffs, and she died.

indystar.com
25671Mario Clark31MaleAfrican-American/Black02/14/2019JacksonMS32.2704852-90.2481982Jackson Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Shelia Ragland called 911 because her son, Mario Clark, was having a psychotic episode. When officers arrived, they restrained Clark. At some point, Clark ended up on the floor, his hands and feet handcuffed, she said. Ragland alleged officers beat Clark on his legs and kicked and hit her son in the head while she pleaded with them to stop. Clark was transported to an area hospital and was placed on life support and died days later.

clarionledger.com
28423Seth Matthew Lucas38MaleEuropean-American/White02/20/2019Maple GroveMN45.121735-93.463826Maple Grove Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

At 4:44 a.m. on February 20, 2019, a woman called 911 to report that she saw a man jump out of a second floor window. There was a snowstorm at the time, and it was very cold. The woman said she believed the man was having some type of crisis and was not dressed for the weather. Seth Lucas ran to a home to which he had no previous connection. Three people were at home at that address, and at least one was awake. Lucas pounded on the front door and when a resident answered, he pushed his way into the home. He was yelling that someone was trying to kill him and breaking items. The residents called 911 and reported that Lucas was in an upstairs bathroom. Police went upstairs and found Lucas in a bedroom. Lucas was obviously in crisis, incoherent, and appeared to be unaware that the other people in the room were police officers. Officers struggled with and restrained him until he died. The medical examiner said experienced cardio-respiratory arrest following physical exertion that included a component of law enforcement subdual.

google.com
28902Roy Anthony Scott65MaleAfrican-American/Black03/03/2019Las VegasNV36.1428596-115.1891475Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Roy Scott, who suffered from paranoid schizophrenia, called 911 about 3:10 a.m. to report three suspicious men outside his apartment, but no men were found, police said. Police handcuffed Scott then placed him in the prone position on the sidewalk, holding him down by placing a knee in his back. After eight minutes, Scott became unresponsive. EMTs were unable to revive him. The officers were cleared of criminal wrongdoing. Scott's family is suing the department for wrongful death.

reviewjournal.com
28244Sterling Higgins37MaleAfrican-American/Black03/25/2019Union CityTN36.4470057-89.0630814Obion County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Sterling Higgins called police twice saying people were trying to kill him and steal his money. Police found him hiding in a cooler in a convenience store. They took him to jail where there were fights with deputies. He was eventually restrained and left alone in a cell, where he died. He was not booked.

wfsb.com
26476Albert Thomas Dashow39MaleAsian/Pacific Islander03/27/2019RochesterMN44.0097594-92.4448094Rochester Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

An officer tried pulling over a man in a Cub Foods parking lot. The man drove off before the officer was finished with the traffic stop. Video shows the restraining of Albert Dashow by police. Dashow was killed. The autopsy report listed obesity as a significant condition contributing to death, but listed restraint by police as the main cause of death.

postbulletin.com
28212Javier Antonio Ambler II40MaleAfrican-American/Black03/28/2019AustinTX30.330611-97.698965Williamson County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Javier Ambler was driving home from playing poker, when he failed to dim the headlights of his SUV to oncoming traffic. A Williamson County sheriff's deputy initiated a stop and began chasing him. After Ambler apparently refused to pull over, a pursuit that lasted 22 minutes and ended when Ambler's Honda Pilot crashed. Minutes later, Ambler, a 40-year-old father of two, was killed. Records obtained by the KVUE Defenders and the Austin American-Statesman showed that Deputies J.J. Johnson, Zach Camden shocked him with stun guns on him at least three times, even as he told them multiple times that he had a heart condition and could not breathe. A reality TV television show was riding along.

kvue.com
28765Ronald A. Greene49MaleAfrican-American/Black05/10/2019Baton RougeLA32.7213954-92.2212388Louisiana State Police
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Troopers attempted to pull over Ronald Greene on DeSiard Street near the university. Greene allegedly sped away, and a chase continued for over 20 miles until Green wrecked. According to a federal wrongful death civil suit, one trooper tasered Greene three times, while another one choked him as they attempted to get him under control. Trooper allegedly continued to beat and mock Greene after he was handcuffed. Body camera video appears to confirm the lawsuit's claims. One of the involved troopers reportedly died in a car accident the same day he was fired year after the incident. The FBI has opened an investigation.

abcnews.go.com
23449Frank Zampini49MaleEuropean-American/White07/15/2019Old BridgeNJ40.4117641-74.3026545Old Bridge Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

At 12:51 a.m., Old Bridge police responded to a 911 call reporting a man on drugs who was causing a disturbance inside a neighbor's apartment. When officers arrived, they encountered Frank Zampini inside the neighbor's apartment. Police said he initially was combative, and officers placed him in handcuffs. Zampini then died.

patch.com
29805Johnathan Reed Binkley35MaleEuropean-American/White07/27/2019KnoxvilleTN36.1206872-83.9365734Knox County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Johnathan R. Binkley, driving with a female passenger, led deputies on a chase through Halls that ended in a vacant lot when his vehicle became stuck on a stump. Deputies pulled Binkley through the window of his vehicle and brought him to the ground. They put the bleeding man face-down in gravel and dirt and handcuffed him behind his back. Deputies kneed him, dragged him on the ground and tried to get him to stand up. Binkley groaned in pain, according to a lawsuit. Deputies then hogtied him with restraints. A deputy allegedly "dropped his knee down" on Binkley, making it harder for him to breathe. Binkley was killed by the deputies during the arrest.

wbir.com
27497Elijah Jovan McClain23MaleAfrican-American/Black08/24/2019AuroraCO39.7457277-104.8242997Aurora Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

An officer alleged Elijah McClain tried to reach for another officer's gun after they confronted McClain for wearing a black ski mask as he walked down the street. After the altercation, a paramedic injected McClain with the sedative, ketamine, and moments later, McClain went into cardiac arrest. Officers used a carotid hold on McClain that might have caused him to lose consciousness during the scuffle.

kdvr.com
26722Jason Gonzalez39MaleHispanic/Latino08/30/2019BakersfieldCA35.352377-118.985335Bakersfield Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

On Aug. 30, Jason Gonzalez was approached by CHP troopers as he was walking on Highway 58. He allegedly resisted being detained and a struggle ensued in which he was placed in handcuffs. He lost consciousness and died five days later at hospital. The coroner said he died from complication of physical restraint with neck compression.

bakersfieldnow.com
26565Byron Lee Williams50MaleAfrican-American/Black09/05/2019Las VegasNV36.1773959-115.1612556Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Byron Williams was reportedly stopped for riding a bicycle without safety lights. He fled on foot, and police restrained him with at least one officer putting weight on his back while he complained about not being able to breathe, killing him.

nbcnews.com
29841James Claude Britt Jr.50MaleEuropean-American/White09/30/2019Mount PleasantSC32.8378111-79.8235501Mount Pleasant Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to a call about a possibly intoxicated person near a vehicle in the road. James Claude Britt Jr. was reportedly belligerant and uncooperative. After he was restrained, Charleston County Emergency Medical Services administered ketamine, and he stopped breathing and died shortly after.

counton2.com
27121David Glen Ward52MaleEuropean-American/White11/27/2019BloomfieldCA38.3135664-122.8546186Sonoma County Sheriff's Office, Sebastopol Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

David Glen Ward apparently fled a police stop in a car he'd previously reported stolen. When police stopped him, they strangled and restrained him, killing him. Deputy Charles Blount, 61, was arrested on suspicion of involuntary manslaughter.

pressdemocrat.com
27636Antonio R. "Tony" Valenzuela40MaleHispanic/Latino02/29/2020Las CrucesNM32.3306948-106.7884648Las Cruces Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

A Las Cruces officer conducted a traffic stop on a blue GMC pickup for expired insurance. During the traffic stop, the LCPD officer observed two females inside the vehicle and a man sitting in the back seat not wearing a seatbelt. The officer learned Antonio Valenzuela had a bench warrant for his arrest. The officer told Valenzuela to get out of the vehicle, at which time he fled on foot. During the foot pursuit, Officer Christopher Smelser reportedly shocked Valenzuela with a Taser, to no effect. He then placed Valenzuela in a chokehold killing him. Smelser was charged with second degree murder.

kob.com
28184Manuel "Manny" Elijah Ellis33MaleAfrican-American/Black03/03/2020TacomaWA47.1701947-122.4552154Tacoma Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police encountered Manuel Ellis at 11:22 p.m. as he was allegedly harassing a woman at an intersection, police said. When two officers in the area asked what he was doing, police say Ellis said he had warrants and wanted to talk to them. Then he reportedly struck their patrol car. The two officers inside called for backup then got out of the car. There was a fight before police got Ellis handcuffed on the ground, and officers called for paramedics at 11:25 p.m. Ellis was dead moments later. Pierce County Medical Examiner's Office determined that Ellis died of respiratory arrest due to hypoxia due to physical restraint. Tacoma police identified the four officers involved in restraining Ellis as Christopher Burbank, Matthew Collins, Masyih Ford and Timothy Rankine.

kiro7.com
28163Oral W. Nunis56MaleAfrican-American/Black03/13/2020Chula VistaCA32.6015126-116.9952965Chula Vista Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Oral Nunis was suffering a mental health crisis. 911 was called for medical aid. The police responded and the unarmed Nunis suffered a panic attack when they arrived. Officers placed Nunis in The Wrap full-body restraint device. Nunis became unresponsive and never regained consciousness. Family members have filed a wrongful death lawsuit against the police department.

sandiegouniontribune.com
28393Damien Alvarado29MaleHispanic/Latino03/22/2020TucsonAZ32.27223-110.9437943Tucson Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Damien Alvarado struck two vehicles in an intersection before running to a church parking lot, where two men tried to prevent him from fleeing until police arrived. Alvarado struggle with the men and officers, trying to scale a cinder block wall, being forced to the ground and ignoring officer's commands to calm down. An officer shot Alvarado with a stun gun. Medical examiners determined Alvarado's cause of death was cardiac arrest while intoxicated on methamphetamine and being physically restrained.

tucsonweekly.com
28717Daniel T. Prude41MaleAfrican-American/Black03/23/2020RochesterNY43.146383-77.629047Rochester Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Daniel Prude was in obvious mental crisis and naked, walking down the street in a snowstorm when he halted by a police officer at 3:16 a.m. He was ordered to lay on the ground and to put his hands behind his back. Prude did as ordered and was handcuffed as he rolled onto his stomach. As he began to resist, several officers restrained him, including putting full body weight on his head, legs and torso and a bag placed over his head. There were six officers present: Officers Mark Vaughn, Paul Ricotta, Andrew Specksgoor, Josiah Harris, Troy Talladay, and Michael Magri. Prude died on March 30.

democratandchronicle.com
27813Stephen Dolceamore29MaleEuropean-American/White04/03/2020TrentonNJ40.2166342-74.741205Trenton Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Trenton police responded shortly before noon to a report of a disturbed man outside St. Francis Hospital. Officers found the man, who attempted to flee but was pursued and restrained, killing him.

trentonian.com
29767Shane AumickMaleEuropean-American/White04/04/2020AvaMO36.9557823-92.6638904Ava Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Ava Police Officer Kaleb Berkshire responded to a domestic call. When Officer Berkshire arrived at the home, he found Shane Aumick's mother and his step-father; they told Berkshire that Aumick was drunk inside the home and was holding a knife. Aumick left the home, saying he believed people were trying to kill him, and he needed to protect himself. Berkshire told him to put the knife down several times. Berkshire then disarmed Aumick causing the knife to land in the grass; after that, Aumick went back inside the home. Berkshire told Aumick to leave the home with his hands up. Aumick initially did not come out but then walked out of the house with his hands up and no weapon. Berkshire then handcuffed Aumick and sat him on the front porch while Berkshire searched the home. While inside, Berkshire requested an ambulance. The family did not want to press charges against Shane. While sitting on the porch, Aumick kept yelling incoherently. Shortly after, Berkshire moved his patrol car to have his lights shine directly on Shane on the porch. He started to become agitated by the lights. Shane then laid down on the porch while still in handcuffs. Berkshire moved Aumick to where he was lying on his stomach and old Aumick to cross his legs. According to body camera footage, a shadow indicated Berkshire was kneeling on Aumick with one leg. Aumick then stated he was having trouble breathing and was unable to respond. A lawsuit stated that Berkshire started kneeling on Aumick at 6:22 and got off around 6:30, a total of eight minutes. A few moments later, an ambulance arrived, and Berkshire told paramedics that Aumick was really gone.

fox2now.com
28306Wavey T. Austin63MaleAfrican-American/Black04/19/2020ShreveportLA32.4720957-93.7074988Shreveport Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • No

An off-duty Shreveport police officer working as a security guard at the Park Villa Apartments attempted to talk to Austin following a complaint by a neighbor. The officer called Shreveport Fire Department paramedics after Austin would not answer his door. When paramedics arrived, Austin was allegedly confused and combative, and medical evaluation was not possible. Police were summoned and on arrival, officers contacted Austin, who still was uncooperative. Austin was handcuffed so a medical evaluation could be performed. During the medical evaluation, Austin died. The Caddo Parish Coroner's office said he died of febrile delirium, an acute and transient confusional state with high fever. The coroner noted that Austin had a temperature of 101.5 degrees at the hospital.

shreveporttimes.com
28141Joel Acevedo25MaleAfrican-American/Black04/19/2020MilwaukeeWI42.9956631-87.9702593Milwaukee Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Joel Acevedo was killed when he was beaten by off-duty Milwaukee Police Officer Michael Mattioli, 32, at a house party hosted by him.

wuwm.com
28299Carlos Adrian Ingram-Lopez27MaleHispanic/Latino04/21/2020TucsonAZ32.19185-110.772694Tucson Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

About 1 a.m., Carlos Ingram-Lopez's family member called 911 and said he was "drunk, yelling and running around the house naked." Officers handcuffed Ingram-Lopez, who was naked, face down on the garage floor, with his hands behind his back. After several minutes, the officers realized Ingram-Lopez was unresponsive. They began performing CPR on him. The officers thought Ingram-Lopez had overdosed and administered Narcan. The autopsy report from the Pima County Medical Examiner said: "Opinion: In consideration of the known circumstances surrounding this death, the available medical history, and the examination of the remains, the cause of death is ascribed to sudden cardiac arrest in the setting of acute cocaine intoxication and physical restraint with cardiac left ventricular hypertrophy as a significant contributing condition." Officers Samuel Routledge, Ryan Starbuck and Jonathan Jackson quit before the internal investigation was completed. Officer Jerin Stoor did not quit and won't be charged. Tucson agreed to pay $2.9 million to the family.

tucson.com
27772Alfredito Mejias50MaleHispanic/Latino04/25/2020HoustonTX29.6282959-95.2222021Houston Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers were dispatched to an accident at 12:47 a.m., and one of the drivers, Alfredito Mejias, failed to stop and give information and walked away. Officers made contact with Mejias, and he allegedly appeared intoxicated and belligerent toward officers. They attempted to arrest Mejias for the accident investigation and possible DWI, but he resisted. After a struggle, Mejias was placed in handcuffs at approximately 12:50 a.m. Moments later, he died.

houstontx.gov
29277Olain Jefferson Jr.56MaleAfrican-American/Black05/14/2020Oklahoma CityOK35.422979-97.5308176Oklahoma City Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Olain Jefferson Jr., 56, allegedly became combative at Southwest Medical Center and assaulted a nurse. Police officers had to struggle to restrain Jefferson who resisted arrest. A spit-hood was placed on Jefferson before he was placed in a police car. At the jail he became combative again and was placed in the prone position on the floor. An autopsy found a blood clot moving into Jefferson's lung was the probable cause of death. He also had PCP in his system. Media reports don't state categorically whether Jefferson was booked, so this incident may be outside of FatalEncounters dataset, which does not include individuals after they've been booked into the jail or prison system.

oklahoman.com
28107George "Big Floyd" Floyd46MaleAfrican-American/Black05/25/2020MinneapolisMN44.93434-93.2621737Minneapolis Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to a call from a grocery store that claimed George Floyd had used a forged check. When located in his car, police said, he resisted officers. Cell phone video showed Officer Derek Chauvin knelt on Floyd's neck until he was dead. Three other officers were present and didn't stop the assault. The four officers were fired the day after the killing. Chauvin was found guilty of the murder.

theguardian.com
28206Tiffany Alexis Eubanks33FemaleAfrican-American/Black06/02/2020YakimaWA46.6189267-120.5127026Yakima Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responding to a woman walking in and out of the traffic encountered Tiffany Eubanks, a mentally ill homeless woman who reportedly became combative when police arrived about 5:30 p.m. to assist medics attempting to treat her. Police said she was handcuffed and placed in a patrol car, where she began having a medical crisis as they drove to Virginia Mason Memorial. She died about 3:30 a.m. due to cardiac arrest.

yakimaherald.com
28886Abel Rosiles Jr.21MaleHispanic/Latino06/10/2020Round Lake BeachIL42.3791713-88.0783201Round Lake Beach Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • No

Abel Rosiles Jr. choked on a baggie with drugs that he attempted to swallow when he was being arrested for threatening an employee of a gas station.

lakemchenryscanner.com
28272Isaiah Pama28MaleAsian/Pacific Islander06/17/2020KaneoheHI21.4225467-157.7901368Honolulu Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police were called in response to a man who was arguing with a bystander and lying in a truck that didn't belong to him. Isaiah Pama allegedly was combative and punching and kicking the truck's interior before he slid out of the vehicle and began struggling with the officer and the bystander. A second officer arrived, and he was handcuffed, but continued to struggle, and a third officer placed leg shackles on him and called for an ambulance. He was seated on the ground and leaning against a vehicle when he died.

civilbeat.org
30220Joseph Ahr Sr.64MaleEuropean-American/White07/06/2020TrentonNJ40.217382-74.7467934Trenton Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Joseph Ahr Sr. was already being restrained by three police officers when a fourth pepper-sprayed him in the face. He died 18 days later.

dailyvoice.com
29994Wenzola Rountree42MaleAfrican-American/Black07/19/2020PatchogueNY40.75471-73.0098986Suffolk County Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers responded to a call reporting an unknown man in a backyard at 12:56 a.m. The man, Wenzola Rountree, was asking for help, talking to himself and had shed all his clothing. Officers and Patchogue Ambulance responded and had contacted him, when he stood up and ran into an unlocked house across the street. The occupants inside the home yelled for help after Rountree, who was unknown to them, entered. Officers entered and handcuffed him, and he died a short time later.

patch.com
28534Ramon Timothy Lopez28MaleHispanic/Latino08/04/2020PhoenixAZ33.4948819-112.1689492Phoenix Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Phoenix police responded to a report of a man looking into vehicles and making offensive gestures at a shopping center at about 10:20 a.m. When Ramon Timothy Lopez saw the officer, he ran to a nearby convenience store. While the officer was trying to enter the store, the man threw a drink in their face while trying to leave. After chasing the man, the officer grabbed him, and they fell to the ground, police said. Officers restrained Lopez face down on the hot pavement. Two more officers arrived, and the three handcuffed him, using a leg restraint. Police said they placed the man in the back of a police vehicle and moved out of the roadway into a parking lot. After police opened the door to speak with the man, they noticed he was dead. Police withheld information about how long the man was in the vehicle. At 10:20 a.m., outside temperatures were 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Lopez reportedly sustained burns on his body at the time of his death.

azcentral.com
28870Emilio Villa Mora33MaleHispanic/Latino09/27/2020ModestoCA37.6669458-120.9212963Modesto Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • No

Police responded to reports of a man who was attempting to break into homes and steal a car. Emilio Villa Mora reportedly believed he was being chased by people who wanted to hurt him. They handcuffed him and placed him in the back of a police car where he allegedly strangled himself with a seatbelt.

cbslocal.com
28920Shayne Allen Sutherland29MaleEuropean-American/White10/08/2020StocktonCA38.0542338-121.3758723Stockton Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Shayne Sutherland reportedly called 911 from an AM/PM store's phone and claimed to be an employee who was just robbed. Police called the store back and talked to an employee, who said Sutherland was harassing customers and threatening the employee. Officers arrived around 7:10 p.m. and ordered Sutherland to walk outside and sit down. He reportedly admitted to recent drug use. He attempted to flee, but officers tackled and handcuffed him. Sutherland continued to resist, so one officer sat on him and another officer used his baton to hold his shoulders down. Sutherland became unresponsive and died.

kcra.com
28953Edwin Morales29MaleHispanic/Latino10/14/2020HyattsvilleMD38.9595436-76.9397837Hyattsville Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

At approximately 3:40 p.m., officers responded to the report of a bike theft in progress. An officer saw Edwin Morales on a bike that had just been reported stolen. Morales jumped off the bike and ran from that officer. After a short foot chase and a brief struggle, officers secured Morales in handcuffs. While awaiting an ambulance, Morales became unresponsive and died.

thebaynet.com
28982Gerrod Belin33MaleAfrican-American/Black10/19/2020Las VegasNV36.1451225-115.2101898Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Deadly force

About 1:30 p.m., officers responded to a dealership, where they found four people restraining Gerrod Belin on the floor. Belin had previously assaulted two dealership employees. Officers handcuffed Belin but then he had trouble breathing. Belin became unresponsive and died of asphyxiation.

reviewjournal.com
29111Leroy "Boom" Jackson Jr.55MaleAfrican-American/Black11/03/2020WacoTX31.5567097-97.1242896Waco Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • No

Officers stopped Leroy Jackson Jr. for an alleged traffic violation about 3 p.m. An officer reportedly saw illegal narcotics in the car and asked Jackson to get out of the vehicle. Jackson swallowed a plastic bag police believe contained narcotics and died.

wacotrib.com
29323Reno E. Casanova25MaleHispanic/Latino12/15/2020KennewickWA46.1850715-119.1745854Kennewick Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded for a welfare check. The reporting party said a man was rolling around inside a vehicle and possibly using drugs. When officers arrived, they found Reno E. Casanova allegedly using narcotics inside his vehicle. Officers arrested the man, and restrained him in handcuffs in the back seat of a patrol vehicle. When the officers returned to the patrol vehicle they found Casanova dead.

keprtv.com
29668Angelo Quinto30MaleHispanic/Latino12/23/2020AntiochCA38.0161584-121.8207633Antioch Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Angelo Quinto was killed when an officer pressed his knee on the back of the man's neck while he was suffering a mental health crisis, family members said.

ktvu.com
29669Jose Albert Lizarraga Garcia41MaleHispanic/Latino01/22/2021IndioCA33.713609-116.2299079Indio Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Jose Garcia reportedly was acting suspiciously, going in and out of stores near Cardenas Market. Police said he became combative and was restrained, killing him.

kesq.com
29806Ivan Gutzalenko47MaleRace unspecified03/10/2021RichmondCA37.9423288-122.3280899Richmond Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police responded to a 10:35 a.m. report of a man damaging property inside a business. Officers arrived and found a man who was stumbling and who fell to the ground and appeared to be in medical distress or under the influence of drugs, police said. They tried to calm the man and provided medical assistance until paramedics arrived. Officers placed the man in a prone position and one officer placed his knee on the man's lower back to handcuff him. The man was dead a short time later.

cbslocal.com
29856Kevin L. Duncan38MaleAfrican-American/Black03/20/2021BellefontaineOH40.3655187-83.7521163Bellefontaine Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers pulled over a man and told him to get out of the vehicle. An officer reportedly got hurt in a fight. When backup officers arrived, they found the man exhibiting aggressive behavior. Officers sicced a dog on him, and after he was restrained he reportedly started having a medical emergency. Multiple doses of Narcan were not successful, and he died.

whio.com
29923Billy Ray Hill30MaleAfrican-American/Black03/30/2021Bossier CityLA32.5155645-93.7337598Bossier City Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

About 11 a.m. officers were responding to a report of a stolen vehicle. Shortly after the arrest, Billy Ray Hill was dead. He may have ingested drugs.

arklatexhomepage.com
29971William Zachery Harvey60MaleAfrican-American/Black04/02/2021SavannahGA32.0753504-81.0889609Savannah Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Suicide

William Zachery Harvey was brought to police headquarters for questioning in-connection to an aggravated assault case. While he was in the interview room, police alleged he fatally injured himself with an unidentified object he brought in. Later reports said he killed himself with his shoelaces.

wtoc.com
29962Diwone Wallace24MaleAfrican-American/Black04/03/2021AlortonIL38.5930049-90.114273Centreville Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Deadly force

The Centreville Police Department officers killed Diwone Wallace. Details as to what precipitated the killing were withheld by police.

bnd.com
30076Mario Arenales Gonzalez26MaleHispanic/Latino04/19/2021AlamedaCA37.7579105-122.2485937Alameda Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Mario Gonzalez was being arrested in connection with a possible theft. Police said they received two reports; one regarding the theft, the other about someone who appeared under the influence. There was a struggle as officers attempted to place Gonzalez's hands behind his back. Police reportedly did not use any weapons,but Gonzalez was killed.

ktvu.com
30193Joseph Ventre34MaleEuropean-American/White05/07/2021ProvidenceRI41.8290246-71.393911Providence Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers were called at around 12:30 a.m. on a report of a man who was screaming in the street and possibly under the influence of drugs. They found him groaning unintelligibly as he rolled on the ground next to a ballfield. Officers struggled with the man as they handcuffed him. The officers held Joseph Ventre down on his stomach for about 90 seconds while cuffing his hands behind his back. An emergency responder joined them, and then he stopped yelling and died.

abcnews.go.com
30463Robert Bruce Waters42MaleEuropean-American/White05/01/2020BakersfieldCA35.4311956-119.0365552Kern County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Around 11 p.m., deputies received multiple calls about a possible domestic violence situation involving an armed man. When deputies arrived, the man refused to comply with deputies' orders, and deputies used "varying levels of force" to take Robert Bruce Waters into custody, killing him.

kget.com
30468Karter Singh39MaleRace unspecified06/21/2021Las VegasNV36.0869025-115.2060293Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers stopped an allegedly stolen vehicle at a gas station.Singh reportedly started showing signs of distress about 30 minutes after he was placed into handcuffs and held on his stomach. Police reportedly turned him over after he started showing distress. He died a short time later.

reviewjournal.com
30510Antoine Brooks31MaleAfrican-American/Black06/26/2021HuntingtownMD38.5741254-76.644394Calvert County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Deputies responded to a suspicious person breaking windows. They arrested Antoine Brooks. Brooks reportedly was taken to a shaded area where he waited to be transported. While he was being handcuffed, Brooks allegedly admitted to consuming a controlled substance. Deputies noticed his breathing getting shallow and pulse getting faint moments later. They administered Narcan, a device that delivers the opioid-overdose antidote naloxone; used an automated external defibrillator and performed CPR. Brooks died.

baltimoresun.com
30614Dajuan Gates27MaleAfrican-American/Black08/22/2020Oak ParkIL41.878649-87.8031698Oak Park Police Department, Forest Park Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Following a traffic stop for running a stop sign, Dajuan Gates was restrained and died from overheating. He was allegedly on PCP.

fox32chicago.com
30670Michael Hernandez34MaleRace unspecified10/30/2018OakleyCA38.0078455-121.6299299Contra Costa County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Deputies Erik Vawter and Brian McDevitt responded to a report of Michael Hernandez running naked outside his residence, choking his 3-month-old daughter and screaming that he had to remove the devil from her. The child's mother stabbed Hernandez several times with a kitchen knife before their baby wound up in the hands of a neighbor and Hernandez started choking the infant's mother. Neighbors intervened and held Hernandez face down outside his residence until deputies arrived at 3:38 a.m. and placed Hernandez in handcuffs. Both deputies attempted to speak with the suspect and when they rolled him over, they saw him foaming from the mouth. He then died.

cbslocal.com
30672Daniel Milton22MaleRace unspecified07/24/2021Staten IslandNY40.5847086-74.086124City of New York Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Daniel Milton was arrested for an alleged sex crime at Staten Island University Hospital in Ocean Breeze died several hours later. He allegedly grabbed the buttocks of a 22-year-old female hospital employee. Police were called and Milton was arrested. While in custody he allegedly started acting out toward hospital staff and was medicated. Details were withheld by police.

nydailynews.com
30673Damien Montrell Cameron29MaleAfrican-American/Black07/26/2021BraxtonMS32.1136793-89.9644563Rankin County Sheriff's Office
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Rankin County deputies were called around 8 p.m. for burglary/vandalism. Deputies chased Damien Montrell Cameron after seeing him come out of the woods. They handcuffed Cameron and placed him in the back of a patrol car after he reportedly began to fight. Deputies said when they returned to the car, Cameron was unresponsive and died.

wlbt.com
30686Marlon Williams32MaleAfrican-American/Black07/28/2021Las VegasNV36.1254915-115.1542691Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police were called to the Mardi Gras Hotel about 5 a.m. for a man who had damaged the front door. The caller told dispatch the man was yelling and not making sense. Officers arrived and chased the man on foot, then contained him next to a building. Police said while they were taking him into custody, he punched an officer in the face. He was hand- and leg-cuffed. He was taken to Clark County Detention Center. During transport, police said the man repeatedly banged his head against the car's window. Upon arrival to the jail, he was unresponsive and died.

fox5vegas.com
30692Brandon Michael Ryan Klorik30MaleEuropean-American/White07/31/2021Hot SpringsAR34.4767246-93.0598123Hot Springs Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers with the Hot Springs Police Department placed Brandon Klorik in custody after responding to a welfare check call at around 9:45 a.m. Due to his behavior, he was placed into custody. While in custody, Klorik became unresponsive and died.

heraldstandard.com
30735Ryan Pederson43MaleEuropean-American/White08/07/2021BismarckND46.8306105-100.7884034Bismarck Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Around 1 a.m., police responded to a report of someone acting erratically and screaming outside of a residence. Officers found a person running from the area and attempting to jump a privacy fence into the neighboring property. Police said the person became aggressive, then advanced toward the officers and began fighting with them while they attempted to arrest him. He was killed.

bismarcktribune.com
30747Name withheld by policeMaleHispanic/Latino08/09/2021Eagle PassTX28.65203397-100.218332U.S. Customs and Border Protection
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Border Patrol agents began tracking a group of migrants. Around nine hours later, they found seven migrants, apprehending them. Several others reportedly took off. Agents apprehended five more migrants, including the man from El Salvador. The man was initially handcuffed together with two other migrants using two sets of handcuffs. He reportedly became unruly and was causing discomfort to the other two individuals to whom he was attached. When BPAs removed the handcuffs to separate him from the others, he attempted to escape, running a short distance before being apprehended again. Agents restrained him and placed him on the hood of a Border Patrol vehicle. BPAs placed two other migrants on the front bumper, and two in the back of the car, and drove back to the location where the first group was apprehended to wait for a transport vehicle. When the Border Patrol transport vehicle arrived around one hour later, BPAs discovered the man was dead.

cbp.gov
30862Darren Corneilus Boykin23MaleAfrican-American/Black08/29/2019TexarkanaTX33.4433691-94.07937Texarkana Community College Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Darren Boykin was confronted by Texarkana College police officers in a building on campus sometime around 2 p.m. Aug. 29, 2019. They suspected Boykin was responsible for a series of petty thefts and sought to take him into custody. Boykin fled on foot. Boykin ran from the community college building to property about a half mile away, before he was captured. Video from a body camera shows Boykin on the ground with his hands cuffed behind his back, breathing heavily, when Weaver arrived to assist the Texarkana College officers. A lawsuit accuses Texarkana Police Department Officers Jerrika Weaver, Brent Hobbs and William Scott of violating Boykin's civil rights by being "deliberately indifferent" to a medical crisis, resulting in his death.

arkansasonline.com
30914Name withheld by police31MaleRace unspecified09/07/2021Sioux FallsSD43.5357841-96.73003Sioux Falls Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police received reports of gunshots and a burglary. Police said a man started banging on the door of a house and forced his way inside. A woman inside the home noticed he had a gun and was acting erratically. The woman called police while the man was in a different room. The woman told police she thought the man was hallucinating. When officers arrived, they convinced the man to come out of the house. Police say the man left the gun inside. They noticed the man was making odd movements and put him in handcuffs to arrest him. As they were taking him to the police car, the man collapsed and died.

keloland.com
30923Steven Hankins50MaleEuropean-American/White02/08/2019ConcordCA38.0067053-122.0381968Concord Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Officers responded when a homeless shelter reported Hankins was acting violently against staff and other residents. When two Concord officers arrived, they found Hankins in a restroom, exhibiting signs of drug intoxication. Hankins reportedly became uncooperative when officers attempted to talk to him and seek medical attention. Hankins fought with the officers. Two additional officers and a deputy then engaged. Hankins continued to resist, lifting the officers who were attempting to place him in handcuffs. Officers then noticed that Hankins was dead. Prosecutors said Concord Officers Sam Staten, David Savage, David Greenfield and Raul Alvarado, and Contra Costa Deputy Casey Shields acted lawfully.

cbslocal.com
30936Eric H. Liao30MaleRace unspecified09/09/2021OmahaNE41.2614057-96.0234089Omaha Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police dispatch received a 911 call reporting a disturbance at the West Lanes Bowling Center at 1:33 p.m. The caller said an autistic adult man, Eric Liao, was out of control, biting his caregiver, and being held down by staff. An officer arrived at the bowling alley around 1:46 p.m. and observed a bowling alley staff member restraining Liao on the ground. The initial responding officer handcuffed Liao and observed he was unresponsive. He was declared dead a short time later.

ketv.com
30941Jessee Rickman28MaleEuropean-American/White09/10/2021PhoenixAZ33.4627382-112.0827609Phoenix Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police got calls saying a man was reportedly walking in a roadway naked around 1 a.m. The man started "acting erratically" and speaking in a way officers couldn't understand when police arrived. Officers handcuffed him, put him on the ground and turned him on his side before he died, police said.

12news.com
30973Earl McNeil40MaleAfrican-American/Black05/26/2018National CityCA32.6720579-117.106119National City Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Earl McNeil called the National City Police Department dispatch line from outside the station at 5:28 a.m. and said he wanted to turn himself in for a warrant. Two police officers met McNeil in front of the station, where he was handcuffed. At the time of his arrest, McNeil told police he was having homicidal and suicidal thoughts and was high on drugs. After finding methamphetamine and a knife on McNeil, officers restrained him using a WRAP device in an upright, seated position with his hands cuffed behind his back. Officers also placed a protective mesh sock over McNeil's head to prevent him from spitting. At 7:04 a.m. McNeil was transported to the San Diego Central Jail, where a second protective mesh sock was added over his face, the WRAP restraint was released and a jail nurse performed an examination. The jail nurse referred McNeil for a full medical evaluation and he was transported by ambulance to an emergency department at 7:37 a.m. McNeil was dead when he arrived at the emergency department. His family was awarded a $300,000 settlement.

thestarnews.com
31008Name withheld by policeMaleRace unspecified09/23/2021Elk GroveCA38.4189806-121.4268559Elk Grove Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Police were called by the Cosumnes Fire Department around 1 p.m. Arriving officers found fire personnel with a man who was acting erratically next to vehicle stopped in the roadway. Police said efforts to detain the man eventually led to resistance and to a struggle between him and officers. Officers restrained the man with handcuffs. Police said the man intentionally hit his head on the concrete, while he was handcuffed and seated. He was taken to the hospital, where around 2:45 p.m., he died.

elkgrovepd.org
31047Name withheld by policeMaleRace unspecified10/02/2021PatersonNJ40.763548-73.971731Paterson Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Paterson Police received multiple 911 calls at approximately 5:26 p.m., in which the callers reported a man walking on roofs on Madison Avenue and attempting to break into homes. When officers and medical personnel responded, they found a man who appeared injured at the exterior rear of the residence. Two officers restrained and handcuffed him. He died.

pennlive.com
31141Reiner Sommer50MaleEuropean-American/White10/18/2021Las VegasNV36.0707926-115.2984824Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department
  • Asphyxiated/Restrained
  • Less-than-lethal force

Reiner Sommer became unresponsive and died after being handcuffed by officers responding to a report of a person in a business' bathroom acting erratically.

ktnv.com
Unique IDNameAgeGenderRaceDateCityStateLatitudeLongitudeAgency involvedCause of deathIntended use of forceBrief descriptionSupporting document link